File:Pentagram with one point down (de Guaita).jpg

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Description An image of a pentagram in the 1897 book “La Clef de la Magie Noire” by Stanislas de Guaita (reproduced on the front page of “A Pictorial History of Magic and the Supernatural” by Maurice Bessy), representing matter over Spirit (evil). Page 417. The Pentacle has the Hebrew letters for Leviathan (
לויתתן
), the ancient serpent from the biblical Chaoskampf, at the vertices of the pentagram. With the pentagram inverted, matter is ruling over spirit, a condition associated with evil.

The concept of an inverted pentagram being a representation of evil and an upright pentagram symbolizing holiness originated with the 19th-century French occultist Eliphas Lévi.

Anton LaVey, the founder of the Church of Satan based his “Sigil of Baphomet” on this image: a goat face in a five-pointed star (one point down), with “Leviathan” written in Hebrew in two concentric circles surrounding the pentagram.
Date
Source 1897 book La Clef de la Magie Noire https://archive.org/details/LaClefDeLaMagieNoire/page/n417
Author Stanislas de Guaita (died 1897)
Other versions For an image with the top pentacle only, see Image:Pentagram with one point up (de Guaita).jpg or en:Image:Pentagrammaton.jpg; for the full image, see Image:Pentagrams from La Clef de la Magie Noire.jpg.


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