Reiss relation - Revision history

en>Trappist the monk: /* References */replace mr template with mr parameter in CS1 templates; using AWB

2014-09-25T21:12:33Z

References: replace mr template with mr parameter in CS1 templates; using AWB

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:12, 25 September 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~'''Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time''' (or HEFT) is a heuristic~~ to ~~schedule a set of dependent tasks onto~~ a ~~network of heterogeneous workers taking communication time into account~~.~~<ref>{{cite journal\|title=Performance-effective~~ and ~~low-complexity task scheduling for heterogeneous computing\| last=Topcuoglu\|first=Haluk\|coauthors=Hariri, Salim Wu~~, ~~M.\|journal=IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems\|year=2002\|volume=13\|issue=3\|pages=260–274\|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=993206}}</ref>~~		What improved tool to help you you stay on track this year than a sharp looking organizer. Hermes purses and scarves are famous, but simple examples of a Brand which has been built from scratch, painstakingly after a while and by being extremely protective of distribution channels for his or her limited production, hand crafted products. Sweet arm candy is dangling from every corner of summer 2011 fashion. 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	~~For inputs HEFT takes a set~~ of ~~tasks, represented as~~ a ~~[[directed acyclic graph]]~~, a ~~set~~ of ~~workers~~, ~~the times to execute each task on each worker, and the times to communicate the results~~ from ~~each job to each of its children between each pair~~ of ~~workers~~. ~~It descends from [[list scheduling]] algorithms.~~

	~~== Algorithm ==~~

	~~HEFT executes~~ in ~~two phases~~.

	~~=== Prioritizing tasks ===~~

	In the ~~first phase each task~~ is ~~given~~ a ~~priority~~. ~~The priority of each task <math>n_i~~<~~/math~~> ~~is usually designated to be its "upward rank" which is defined recursively as follows~~

	<~~math~~> ~~rank_u(n_i) = \overline{w_i} + \max_{n_j \in succ(n_i)} (\overline{c_{i,j}} + rank_u(n_j))~~ <~~/math~~>

	~~where~~ <~~math~~>~~n_i</math> represents~~ the ~~<math>i^{th}</math> task~~, ~~<math>\overline{w_i}</math> is an average computation cost~~ of ~~job i among all the workers~~, ~~<math>succ(n_i)</math>~~ is ~~the set of all jobs that immediately depend~~ on ~~task~~ <~~math~~>~~n_i~~</~~math>~~, and ~~<math>\overline{c_{i~~,~~j}}</math> is~~ the ~~average communication cost~~ of ~~the variables transferred between jobs~~ <~~math~~>~~n_i~~<~~/math~~> ~~and~~ <~~math~~>~~n_j~~<~~/math~~> ~~between all pairs of workers~~. ~~Note that~~ the ~~computation of <math>rank_u(n_i)</math> depends on~~ the ~~computation of~~ the ~~rank of all its children~~. The ~~upward rank~~ is ~~meant to represent the expected distance~~ of ~~any task from~~ the ~~end of the computation~~. ~~For averaged quantities like~~ <~~math~~>~~\overline{w_i}~~<~~/math~~> ~~different averages may provide different results.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Zhao\|first=Henan\|coauthors=Sakellariou~~, ~~Rizos\|title=An experimental investigation into the rank function of the heterogeneous earliest finish time scheduling algorithm\|journal=Euro-Par 2003 Parallel Processing\|year=2003\|pages=189–194\|url=~~http://www.~~springerlink~~.~~com~~/~~index~~/~~E0L3HQ678JT6N9JR~~.~~pdf}}</ref>~~

	~~=== Assigning tasks~~ to ~~workers ===~~

	~~In the second phase tasks are assigned~~ to ~~workers. Now that~~ all ~~tasks are prioritized we consider and schedule each one~~, ~~starting with~~ the ~~highest priority~~. ~~The task with the highest priority~~ for ~~which all dependent tasks have finished is scheduled on~~ the ~~worker which will result~~ in the ~~earliest finish time~~ of ~~that task. This finish time depends on~~ the ~~communication time to send all necessary inputs to~~ the ~~worker~~, the ~~computation time of the task on~~ the ~~worker,~~ and ~~the time when~~ that ~~processor becomes available (it may~~ be ~~busy with another task)~~.

	~~== Performance ==~~

	~~HEFT~~ is ~~well respected among heuristic algorithms~~ for ~~this problem~~. ~~However in complex situations~~ it ~~can easily fail~~ to ~~find~~ the ~~optimal scheduling~~. ~~HEFT is essentially~~ a ~~greedy algorithm~~ and ~~incapable of making short~~-~~term sacrifices~~ for ~~long term benefits~~.

	~~== Code ==~~

	~~A Python implementation of HEFT~~ is ~~available [https://github~~.~~com/mrocklin/heft on github]~~

	~~== References ==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~[[Category:Scheduling algorithms]]~~

en>Yobot: /* References */clean up /fixed checkwiki error 18 using AWB (8717)

2012-12-01T14:55:27Z

References: clean up /fixed checkwiki error 18 using AWB (8717)

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:55, 1 December 2012
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~<br><br>One of the best and most common ways for people to market their product~~ or ~~business~~ is ~~through email marketing. But, in order for this method~~ to ~~be effective, one must know what they are doing. The following article will provide advice to anyone looking to get~~ into ~~email marketing~~.<br><br>If you want your email marketing messages to get to the right inboxes, target anyone whom you send to. If you already have a core set of fans or followers, offer discounts or promotions to those who get friends to show up. Anyone curious in your products and ~~services probable has known others with similar interests~~, ~~which mean you~~, ~~can organically grow your list through existing social relationships~~.~~<br><br>If you want your email marketing messages to flow out across the Internet to people's inboxes, consider where you are sending them from. Sent frequently from known~~ and ~~[https~~://~~Www~~.~~vocabulary~~.~~com~~/~~dictionary~~/~~stable+IP stable IP] addresses is best. Sudden surges from new IP locations can raise suspicions and even result in blocks and blacklists from ISP's~~.<br>~~<br>Try following up with~~ a ~~product review when sending~~ a ~~follow-up email to your clients. You could insert~~ a ~~link onto your email that informs them~~ to ~~enroll by clicking~~ on ~~this link~~. ~~The ending P~~.S. on the ~~message could urge them to take advantage~~ of ~~this opportunity that you are providing them.~~<br><br>~~Your color scheme should~~ be ~~consistent and should reflect your brand. If your colors are all over the board~~, ~~you will appear amateurish and your efforts may not achieve the results that you desire. You can look on sites like COLOURlovers if you need some good ideas to get you going.~~<br><br>~~Put real consideration into where you place links in your [http:~~//~~marketingnewsletters.com marketing newsletters]. For example~~, ~~you don't want to send readers away from your email before you give them their call to action. You also don't want to put your priority links at the end of an email where they may be overlooked.~~<br><br>~~When developing~~ an ~~email marketing campaign~~, ~~you must make your material look professional. If it does not look professional, customers will pass over it without paying any attention at~~ all~~. There are plenty of scams and junk emails going around~~, and ~~your legitimate marketing campaign must stand out as something they want to look further into.~~<br><br>~~To ensure that your email marketing~~ is ~~really helping and not hindering your business, pay close attention to~~ the ~~spam that you once deleted from your own email account. See what kind~~ of ~~language you yourself respond most negatively to an alternately what kind of topics make you more likely to open a marketing email.~~<br><br>~~Let customers know what to expect from the get-go~~. ~~When a new subscriber opts in, send an immediate confirmation email~~ that ~~details what~~ the ~~customer can expect to receive from you and how often you will send emails. Filling customers in upfront can prevent future opt-outs and complaints and keep subscribers active.~~<br><br>~~Make sure your subscribers know what they are getting into when they sign up for your email marketing campaign~~. ~~Setting expectations~~ is ~~highly important~~ to the ~~success~~ of ~~your campaign. You can have many people sign up, but with~~ the ~~wrong expectations, you~~ end ~~up just disappointing many people and losing customers~~.<br><br>~~As you are utilizing engaging emails and targeting~~ the ~~right customers, make sure you are also soliciting feedback from them~~. ~~Getting feedback from targeted customers is key to knowing what you can do to make your marketing strategies even better~~. ~~This will help you be able to make your email marketing plan even more effective~~.<br>~~<br>When following up~~ with ~~clients, you could send a follow-up email to them~~ with ~~a message that confirms their interest~~ in ~~one~~ of ~~your products or services. You could include a link~~ that ~~says to watch it~~. ~~The ending of~~ the ~~message could include another link that allows them~~ to ~~add your product or service~~ to ~~their cart.<br><br>As was previously mentioned~~, ~~email marketing has become a popular way to market a product nowadays~~. ~~In order~~ for ~~a person~~ to find ~~success with this technique, they have to be knowledgeable on~~ the ~~subject~~. ~~Using the above tips can turn anyone into an email marketing expert in no time~~.~~<br><br>If you have any type~~ of ~~questions concerning where and ways to use~~ [~~http~~://~~maiz~~.ca/~~pricing~~/ ~~canadian email provider~~]~~, you can contact us at the website.~~		'''Heterogeneous Earliest Finish Time''' (or HEFT) is a heuristic to schedule a set of dependent tasks onto a network of heterogeneous workers taking communication time into account.<ref>{{cite journal\|title=Performance-effective and low-complexity task scheduling for heterogeneous computing\| last=Topcuoglu\|first=Haluk\|coauthors=Hariri, Salim Wu, M.\|journal=IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems\|year=2002\|volume=13\|issue=3\|pages=260–274\|url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=993206}}</ref>
			For inputs HEFT takes a set of tasks, represented as a [[directed acyclic graph]], a set of workers, the times to execute each task on each worker, and the times to communicate the results from each job to each of its children between each pair of workers. It descends from [[list scheduling]] algorithms.

			== Algorithm ==

			HEFT executes in two phases.

			=== Prioritizing tasks ===

			In the first phase each task is given a priority. The priority of each task <math>n_i</math> is usually designated to be its "upward rank" which is defined recursively as follows

			<math> rank_u(n_i) = \overline{w_i} + \max_{n_j \in succ(n_i)} (\overline{c_{i,j}} + rank_u(n_j)) </math>

			where <math>n_i</math> represents the <math>i^{th}</math> task, <math>\overline{w_i}</math> is an average computation cost of job i among all the workers, <math>succ(n_i)</math> is the set of all jobs that immediately depend on task <math>n_i</math>, and <math>\overline{c_{i,j}}</math> is the average communication cost of the variables transferred between jobs <math>n_i</math> and <math>n_j</math> between all pairs of workers. Note that the computation of <math>rank_u(n_i)</math> depends on the computation of the rank of all its children. The upward rank is meant to represent the expected distance of any task from the end of the computation. For averaged quantities like <math>\overline{w_i}</math> different averages may provide different results.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Zhao\|first=Henan\|coauthors=Sakellariou, Rizos\|title=An experimental investigation into the rank function of the heterogeneous earliest finish time scheduling algorithm\|journal=Euro-Par 2003 Parallel Processing\|year=2003\|pages=189–194\|url=http://www.springerlink.com/index/E0L3HQ678JT6N9JR.pdf}}</ref>

			=== Assigning tasks to workers ===

			In the second phase tasks are assigned to workers. Now that all tasks are prioritized we consider and schedule each one, starting with the highest priority. The task with the highest priority for which all dependent tasks have finished is scheduled on the worker which will result in the earliest finish time of that task. This finish time depends on the communication time to send all necessary inputs to the worker, the computation time of the task on the worker, and the time when that processor becomes available (it may be busy with another task).

			== Performance ==

			HEFT is well respected among heuristic algorithms for this problem. However in complex situations it can easily fail to find the optimal scheduling. HEFT is essentially a greedy algorithm and incapable of making short-term sacrifices for long term benefits.

			== Code ==

			A Python implementation of HEFT is available [https://github.com/mrocklin/heft on github]

			== References ==
			{{reflist}}

			[[Category:Scheduling algorithms]]

en>R.e.b.: /* Statement */ conditions

2012-02-09T14:38:51Z

Statement: conditions

New page

One of the best and most common ways for people to market their product or business is through email marketing. But, in order for this method to be effective, one must know what they are doing. The following article will provide advice to anyone looking to get into email marketing. If you want your email marketing messages to get to the right inboxes, target anyone whom you send to. If you already have a core set of fans or followers, offer discounts or promotions to those who get friends to show up. Anyone curious in your products and services probable has known others with similar interests, which mean you, can organically grow your list through existing social relationships. If you want your email marketing messages to flow out across the Internet to people's inboxes, consider where you are sending them from. Sent frequently from known and [https://Www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/stable+IP stable IP] addresses is best. Sudden surges from new IP locations can raise suspicions and even result in blocks and blacklists from ISP's. Try following up with a product review when sending a follow-up email to your clients. You could insert a link onto your email that informs them to enroll by clicking on this link. The ending P.S. on the message could urge them to take advantage of this opportunity that you are providing them. Your color scheme should be consistent and should reflect your brand. If your colors are all over the board, you will appear amateurish and your efforts may not achieve the results that you desire. You can look on sites like COLOURlovers if you need some good ideas to get you going. Put real consideration into where you place links in your [http://marketingnewsletters.com marketing newsletters]. For example, you don't want to send readers away from your email before you give them their call to action. You also don't want to put your priority links at the end of an email where they may be overlooked. When developing an email marketing campaign, you must make your material look professional. If it does not look professional, customers will pass over it without paying any attention at all. There are plenty of scams and junk emails going around, and your legitimate marketing campaign must stand out as something they want to look further into. To ensure that your email marketing is really helping and not hindering your business, pay close attention to the spam that you once deleted from your own email account. See what kind of language you yourself respond most negatively to an alternately what kind of topics make you more likely to open a marketing email. Let customers know what to expect from the get-go. When a new subscriber opts in, send an immediate confirmation email that details what the customer can expect to receive from you and how often you will send emails. Filling customers in upfront can prevent future opt-outs and complaints and keep subscribers active. Make sure your subscribers know what they are getting into when they sign up for your email marketing campaign. Setting expectations is highly important to the success of your campaign. You can have many people sign up, but with the wrong expectations, you end up just disappointing many people and losing customers. As you are utilizing engaging emails and targeting the right customers, make sure you are also soliciting feedback from them. Getting feedback from targeted customers is key to knowing what you can do to make your marketing strategies even better. This will help you be able to make your email marketing plan even more effective. When following up with clients, you could send a follow-up email to them with a message that confirms their interest in one of your products or services. You could include a link that says to watch it. The ending of the message could include another link that allows them to add your product or service to their cart. As was previously mentioned, email marketing has become a popular way to market a product nowadays. In order for a person to find success with this technique, they have to be knowledgeable on the subject. Using the above tips can turn anyone into an email marketing expert in no time. If you have any type of questions concerning where and ways to use [http://maiz.ca/pricing/ canadian email provider], you can contact us at the website.