en>Aisteco: Spelling. Wikipedia:Typo Team

2013-11-06T17:45:10Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:45, 6 November 2013
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	[~~http://Www.dict.cc/englisch-deutsch/Adrianne+Swoboda~~.~~html Adrianne Swoboda]~~ is ~~what her husband loves~~ to ~~name her though she will never really like being names like that. After being out of~~ the ~~boy's job~~ for ~~years so santa became an order sales person~~. ~~What~~ the ~~woman loves doing~~ is to ~~visit to karaoke but this woman is thinking on starting something more challenging. Massachusetts is considered where he's always lived. She is running and verifying tire pressures regularly~~ a ~~blog here: http://circuspartypanama~~.~~com<br><br>~~		The '''autoignition temperature''' or '''kindling point''' of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it will [[Spontaneous combustion\|spontaneously ignite]] in a normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. This temperature is required to supply the [[activation energy]] needed for [[combustion]]. The temperature at which a chemical will ignite decreases as the pressure or oxygen concentration increases. It is usually applied to a combustible fuel mixture.

	~~Also visit my~~ web ~~blog~~ [http://~~circuspartypanama~~.com ~~clash~~ of ~~clans hack download android~~]		Autoignition temperatures of liquid chemicals are typically measured using a 500 mL flask placed in a temperature controlled oven in accordance with the procedure described in [[ASTM International\|ASTM]] E659.<ref>E659 – 78 (Reapproved 2000), "Standard Test Method for Autoignition Temperature of Liquid Chemicals", ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959</ref>

			When measured for plastics, autoignition temperature can also be measured under elevated pressure and at 100% oxygen concentration. The resulting value is used as a predictor of viability for high-oxygen service. The main testing standard for this is ASTM G72.<ref>S. Grynko, "Material Properties Explained" (2012), ISBN 1-4700-7991-7, p. 46.</ref>

			==Autoignition equation==
			The time <math>t_{ig}\, </math> it takes for a material to reach its autoignition temperature <math>T_{ig}\, </math> when exposed to a [[heat flux]] <math>q''\,</math> is given by the following equation

			<math>t_{ig} = \left ( \frac{\pi}{4} \right ) \left (k \rho c \right )\left [ \frac{T_{ig}-T_{o}}{q''} \right]^2 </math><ref>Principles of Fire Behavior. ISBN 0-8273-7732-0. 1998.</ref>

			where ''k'' = thermal conductivity (W/(m·K)), ''ρ'' = density (kg/m³), and ''c'' = specific heat capacity (J/(kg·K)) of the material of interest. <math> T_{o}\, </math> is the temperature, in Kelvin, the material starts at (or the temperature of the bulk material), and <math>q''\, </math> is the heat flux (W/m²) incident to the material.

			==Autoignition point of selected substances==
			Temperatures vary widely in the literature and should only be used as estimates. Factors which may cause variation include [[partial pressure]] of oxygen, altitude, humidity, and amount of time required for ignition.Generally the auto-ignition temperature for hydrocarbon/air mixtures decreases with increasing molecular weight and increasing chain length. The auto-ignition temperature is also higher for branched chain hydrocarbons than for straight chain hydrocarbons <ref>Zabetakis, M.G. (1965), Flammability characteristics of combustible gases and vapours, U.S. Department of Mines, Bulletin 627.</ref>



			{\| class="wikitable sortable"
			\|-
			! Substance !! data-sort-type="number" \| Autoignition point (°C) !! Autoignition point (°F) !! Note
			\|-
			\| [[Triethylborane]] \|\| {{convert\|-20\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}
			\|-
			\| [[Silane]] \|\| {{convert\|21\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on\|prefix=$$$}} \|\| Or below
			\|-
			\| [[White phosphorus]]\|\| {{convert\|34\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}} \|\| <small>Ignites on contact with an organic substance, melts otherwise</small>
			\|-
			\| [[Carbon disulfide]] \|\| {{convert\|90\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}
			\|-
			\| [[Diethyl ether]] \|\| {{convert\|160\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=diethyl+ether\|title=Diethyl Ether - Safety Properties \|publisher=Wolfram\|Alpha}}</ref>
			\|-
			\| [[Diesel fuel\|Diesel]] or [[Jet fuel\|Jet A-1]] \|\| {{convert\|210\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}
			\|-
			\| [[Gasoline]] (Petrol) \|\| {{convert\|246\|-\|280\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref name=ETB/>
			\|-
			\| [[Ethanol]] \|\| {{convert\|363\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref name=ETB>{{citation \|url=http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/fuels-ignition-temperatures-d_171.html \|title=Fuels and Chemicals - Autoignition Temperatures \|publisher=engineeringtoolbox.com}}</ref>
			\|-
			\| [[Butane]] \|\| {{convert\|405\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=butane\|title=Butane - Safety Properties \|publisher=Wolfram\|Alpha}}</ref>
			\|-
			\| [[Paper]] \|\|{{convert\|218\|-\|246\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite journal \|url=http://www.tcforensic.com.au/docs/article10.html \|title=Physical Constants for Investigators\|author=Tony Cafe \|journal=Journal of Australian Fire Investigators}} (Reproduced from "Firepoint" magazine)</ref>
			\|-
			\| [[Magnesium]] \|\| {{convert\|473\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}
			\|-
			\| [[Hydrogen]] \|\| {{convert\|536\|C\|F\|disp=table\|sortable=on\|abbr=on}}<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=hydrogen&a=C.hydrogen-_Chemical-\|title=Hydrogen - Safety Properties \|publisher=Wolfram\|Alpha}}</ref>
			\|}

			For paper, there is considerable variation between sources, mainly because there are many physical variables over different kinds of paper, like thickness, density and composition; in addition, it takes longer for the combustion of paper to start at lower temperatures.<ref>
			{{cite web
			\| url = http://www.fpl.fs.fed.us/documnts/fplmisc/rpt1464.pdf
			\| title = Ignition and charring temperatures of wood
			\| author = Forest Products Laboratory
			\| year = 1964
			\| publisher = Forest Service U. S. Department of Agriculture
			}}
			</ref>

			==See also==
			* [[Pyrolysis]]
			* [[Flash point]]
			* [[Gas burner]] (For flame temperatures, combustion heat energy values and ignition temperatures)

			==References==
			{{reflist}}
			{{refbegin}}
			{{refend}}

			== External links ==
			* [http://www.fire.nist.gov/bfrlpubs/fire03/art015.html Analysis of Effective Thermal Properties of Thermally Thick Materials].
			* [http://chemeo.com/search?q=aigt%3A%3B Autoignition Temperature of 100 Common Organic Chemical Compounds].

			{{Fire}}

			{{DEFAULTSORT:Autoignition Temperature}}
			[[Category:Chemical properties]]
			[[Category:Fire]]
			[[Category:Threshold temperatures]]

			[[sv:Självantändning#Självantändningspunkt]]

en>Mindmatrix: removed Category:Baseball statistics; added Category:Batting statistics using HotCat

2012-03-29T22:22:56Z

removed Category:Baseball statistics; added Category:Batting statistics using HotCat

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[http://Www.dict.cc/englisch-deutsch/Adrianne+Swoboda.html Adrianne Swoboda] is what her husband loves to name her though she will never really like being names like that. After being out of the boy's job for years so santa became an order sales person. What the woman loves doing is to visit to karaoke but this woman is thinking on starting something more challenging. Massachusetts is considered where he's always lived. She is running and verifying tire pressures regularly a blog here: http://circuspartypanama.com<br><br>

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en>Aisteco: Spelling. Wikipedia:Typo Team

en>Mindmatrix: removed Category:Baseball statistics; added Category:Batting statistics using HotCat