Configuration graph - Revision history

en>Elaz85: /* Size of the graph */ typo

2014-09-14T18:31:24Z

Size of the graph: typo

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:31, 14 September 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~The '''Flood~~ Studies ~~Report''', published in 1975, is used in relation to [[rainfall]] events in the [[United Kingdom]]~~.<~~ref~~>~~http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/5964/1/IH_094.pdf~~<~~/ref~~> ~~It has since been replaced by the '''Flood Estimation Handbook''', but the method can still be used.~~		My name is Ricky and I am studying Philosophy and Japanese Studies at Gries / Austria.<br><br>Also visit my webpage - [http://www.jenligne.com/profile/hamryb Here is your mountain bike sizing.]

	~~==Calculation procedure==~~

	[~~[File:Woodhead8642.JPG\|thumb\|alt=Rainfall in the UK.\|Rainfall on a rural catchment in [[Longdendale]], [[Derbyshire]].]]~~

	~~It is possible to use the FSR to predict the depth of rainfall from a storm of a given duration and return period. The FSR includes values for two key variables mapped across the UK~~: ~~the M5-60 minutes rainfall, and the ratio "r".~~
	*M5-60 minutes rainfall is the expected depth of rainfall in millimetres (mm) from a storm lasting 60 minutes (1 hour) with a return period of 5 years (hence M5).
	*M5-2 days rainfall is the expected depth of rainfall from a storm lasting 2 days (48 hours) with a return period of 5 years.
	*The dimensionless ratio "r" is the M5-60 minutes value divided by the M5-2 days value.
	*Factor Z1 is found from the values of M5-2 days and "r".
	*Factor Z2 (the growth factor) is found from the M5 rainfall depth, and depends on the return period.
	*The Areal Reduction Factor (ARF) takes the catchment area into account. For small catchments (below 1 km<sup>2</~~sup>) the ARF is not required.~~

	~~To find the depth of a rainfall of duration D and return period T at a given location in the UK, the following should be carried out:~~
	~~# Find M5-60 minutes rainfall depth and "r" for the location using FSR maps.~~
	~~# Divide this rainfall depth by "r" to get the M5-2 days depth.~~
	~~# Multiply the M5-2 days depth by factor Z1 to find the M5-D depth.~~
	~~# Multiply the M5-D depth by factor Z2 (the growth factor) to find the MT-D depth.~~
	~~# Multiply the MT-D depth by the Areal Reduction Factor (ARF).~~

	~~===Example===~~
	~~Find the depth of rainfall from a storm of duration 6 hours and return period 10 years on a catchment of 5 km<sup>2<~~/~~sup> in [[Sheffield]]~~.
	~~#From the FSR maps, the M5-60 minutes rainfall is 20~~.~~5mm, and "r" = 0.4.~~
	~~#Divide 20.5mm by 0.4 to get 51.3mm, which is the M5-2 days rainfall depth.~~
	~~#Factor Z1 = 0.64, so multiply 51.3mm by 0.64 to get 32.8mm.~~
	~~#Factor Z2 = 1.16, so multiply 32.8mm by 1.16 to get 38.1mm.~~
	~~#The ARF is 0.96, so multiply 38.1mm by 0.96 to get 36.6mm.~~

	~~Therefore the expected depth of rainfall from the storm is 36.6mm. The mean intensity of rainfall is given by 36.6mm divided by 6 hours, which is 6.1mm~~/~~hour.~~

	~~===Storm profiles===~~
	The above method is sufficient for finding the overall depth of rainfall during a storm. However, it is often useful from an engineering perspective to predict the intensity of rainfall during the storm, to allow structures such as drains and sewers to be designed with sufficient capacity for stormwater.

	In general, the intensity of a storm is highest at the mid-duration point (known as the peak), and lowest at the start and end of the storm. Therefore, peaked profiles are applied to the storm data to provide a more realistic description of the rainfall intensity during the storm.

	~~==Flood Estimation Handbook==~~
	~~The '''Flood Estimation Handbook''' was published in 2000 and replaces the FSR. It is based on the percentage runoff equation:~~

	~~<math> PR = 0.829PIMP + 25SOIL + 0.078UCWI - 20.7 <~~/~~math>~~

	~~where PR is percentage runoff, PIMP is percentage [[impervious surface\|imperviousness]] of the catchment, SOIL is the soil index and UCWI~~ is ~~urban catchment wetness index~~.

	~~==References==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~[[Category:Hydrology]]~~
	~~[[Category:Environmental engineering]]~~
	~~[[Category:Technical books]~~]

en>Arthur MILCHIOR: /* Useful property */

2013-11-03T03:28:07Z

Useful property

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:28, 3 November 2013
Line 1:		Line 1:
			The '''Flood Studies Report''', published in 1975, is used in relation to [[rainfall]] events in the [[United Kingdom]].<ref>http://nora.nerc.ac.uk/5964/1/IH_094.pdf</ref> It has since been replaced by the '''Flood Estimation Handbook''', but the method can still be used.

			==Calculation procedure==

	~~Break~~ the ~~difficulties~~ of ~~conformity as well as go all~~ from a ~~biking journey~~. The ~~mountain bike park is within easy riding distance, approximately 3km from~~ the ~~town centre. High end mountain bikes use carbon fibre frames, or other~~, ~~more exotic materials to reduce weight~~ and ~~keep stiffness up~~. ~~The remarkable thing though was an electric bike could cover 25 miles on one charge~~ with a ~~bet~~ of ~~pedal power or up to 15 miles on battery power lone~~. ~~Look at what other riders appreciate about their bikes~~. ~~<br><br>However, you still have to choose~~ the ~~right Santa Cruz bikes for yourself~~. ~~In fact, Downhill Mountain biking~~ is the ~~most popular form~~ of ~~competition biking~~. ~~From free shipping on all~~ the ~~bikes across~~ the US, the ~~Road Bike Outlet makes consumers happy anywhere within~~ 1 ~~to 6 days~~. ~~Many riders suggest that if you have less then $700 to spend on~~ a ~~bike you might want to consider~~ a ~~hardtail because full suspension bikes are more costly~~. ~~If you liked~~ this ~~write~~-~~up and you would like~~ to ~~receive additional details concerning [http://www~~.~~dumpgames.com/profile/dotuil Here is your mountain bike sizing.] kindly go~~ to ~~our web page~~. ~~4" wide Schwalbe that can run at 25 psi to behave as passive suspension~~. <br><br>~~Given below~~ is ~~a list of essential items that you should carry along whenever you set off on a this ride~~. ~~If you do it as soon as you get home~~, ~~then its done~~ and ~~you can concentrate on eating and relaxing~~. ~~Apply a generous amount of mountain bike lube~~ to ~~your chain as you move~~ the ~~pedals around backward~~. ~~Being humiliated~~ by ~~my buddies was not fun~~, ~~but there were enough good things about skiing that I wanted~~ to ~~come back for more~~, ~~just not with my buddies~~. ~~-Del Plomo Hot Springs: Ideal for bikes, low traffic~~. ~~<br><br>The price will naturally be higher during prime riding seasons in spring and summer~~. ~~It is important for~~ the ~~rider to note that not all frames are compatible with every type~~ of ~~forks~~. The ~~apparel worn~~ by ~~rider~~ is ~~very much for their safety or protection~~. The ~~back chain ring~~ is a ~~cog set featuring seven~~, ~~eight or nine cogs, depending on how many "speeds" you have (21, 24 or 27). One~~ of the ~~problems is that they just haven't caught on~~ and ~~become commercially available enough~~ to ~~make them an everyday sight~~. ~~<br><br>And there are some people who rightfully bring up~~ the ~~issue~~ of the ~~fuel costs~~ and ~~environmental impact~~ of ~~producing the electricty used to power the bike in~~ the ~~first place~~. ~~The tires~~ are ~~wider that are designed for diverse terrains. The price may generally differ depending on~~ the ~~condition~~ of the ~~bike and on how new~~ the ~~model really is~~. I'~~ve always been curious about this aspect of dating, because very few women have comparable experiences~~. It~~'s about~~ the ~~journey and all that it entails~~, ~~learning about yourself, making friends, being helped, and~~ of ~~course~~, ~~helping others along~~ the ~~way"~~.		[[File:Woodhead8642.JPG\|thumb\|alt=Rainfall in the UK.\|Rainfall on a rural catchment in [[Longdendale]], [[Derbyshire]].]]

			It is possible to use the FSR to predict the depth of rainfall from a storm of a given duration and return period. The FSR includes values for two key variables mapped across the UK: the M5-60 minutes rainfall, and the ratio "r".
			*M5-60 minutes rainfall is the expected depth of rainfall in millimetres (mm) from a storm lasting 60 minutes (1 hour) with a return period of 5 years (hence M5).
			*M5-2 days rainfall is the expected depth of rainfall from a storm lasting 2 days (48 hours) with a return period of 5 years.
			*The dimensionless ratio "r" is the M5-60 minutes value divided by the M5-2 days value.
			*Factor Z1 is found from the values of M5-2 days and "r".
			*Factor Z2 (the growth factor) is found from the M5 rainfall depth, and depends on the return period.
			*The Areal Reduction Factor (ARF) takes the catchment area into account. For small catchments (below 1 km<sup>2</sup>) the ARF is not required.

			To find the depth of a rainfall of duration D and return period T at a given location in the UK, the following should be carried out:
			# Find M5-60 minutes rainfall depth and "r" for the location using FSR maps.
			# Divide this rainfall depth by "r" to get the M5-2 days depth.
			# Multiply the M5-2 days depth by factor Z1 to find the M5-D depth.
			# Multiply the M5-D depth by factor Z2 (the growth factor) to find the MT-D depth.
			# Multiply the MT-D depth by the Areal Reduction Factor (ARF).

			===Example===
			Find the depth of rainfall from a storm of duration 6 hours and return period 10 years on a catchment of 5 km<sup>2</sup> in [[Sheffield]].
			#From the FSR maps, the M5-60 minutes rainfall is 20.5mm, and "r" = 0.4.
			#Divide 20.5mm by 0.4 to get 51.3mm, which is the M5-2 days rainfall depth.
			#Factor Z1 = 0.64, so multiply 51.3mm by 0.64 to get 32.8mm.
			#Factor Z2 = 1.16, so multiply 32.8mm by 1.16 to get 38.1mm.
			#The ARF is 0.96, so multiply 38.1mm by 0.96 to get 36.6mm.

			Therefore the expected depth of rainfall from the storm is 36.6mm. The mean intensity of rainfall is given by 36.6mm divided by 6 hours, which is 6.1mm/hour.

			===Storm profiles===
			The above method is sufficient for finding the overall depth of rainfall during a storm. However, it is often useful from an engineering perspective to predict the intensity of rainfall during the storm, to allow structures such as drains and sewers to be designed with sufficient capacity for stormwater.

			In general, the intensity of a storm is highest at the mid-duration point (known as the peak), and lowest at the start and end of the storm. Therefore, peaked profiles are applied to the storm data to provide a more realistic description of the rainfall intensity during the storm.

			==Flood Estimation Handbook==
			The '''Flood Estimation Handbook''' was published in 2000 and replaces the FSR. It is based on the percentage runoff equation:

			<math> PR = 0.829PIMP + 25SOIL + 0.078UCWI - 20.7 </math>

			where PR is percentage runoff, PIMP is percentage [[impervious surface\|imperviousness]] of the catchment, SOIL is the soil index and UCWI is urban catchment wetness index.

			==References==
			{{reflist}}

			[[Category:Hydrology]]
			[[Category:Environmental engineering]]
			[[Category:Technical books]]

en>LaaknorBot: Robot: Adding pt:Configuração de Grafos

2012-07-05T02:03:45Z

Robot: Adding pt:Configuração de Grafos

New page

Break the difficulties of conformity as well as go all from a biking journey. The mountain bike park is within easy riding distance, approximately 3km from the town centre. High end mountain bikes use carbon fibre frames, or other, more exotic materials to reduce weight and keep stiffness up. The remarkable thing though was an electric bike could cover 25 miles on one charge with a bet of pedal power or up to 15 miles on battery power lone. Look at what other riders appreciate about their bikes. However, you still have to choose the right Santa Cruz bikes for yourself. In fact, Downhill Mountain biking is the most popular form of competition biking. From free shipping on all the bikes across the US, the Road Bike Outlet makes consumers happy anywhere within 1 to 6 days. Many riders suggest that if you have less then $700 to spend on a bike you might want to consider a hardtail because full suspension bikes are more costly. If you liked this write-up and you would like to receive additional details concerning [http://www.dumpgames.com/profile/dotuil Here is your mountain bike sizing.] kindly go to our web page. 4" wide Schwalbe that can run at 25 psi to behave as passive suspension. Given below is a list of essential items that you should carry along whenever you set off on a this ride. If you do it as soon as you get home, then its done and you can concentrate on eating and relaxing. Apply a generous amount of mountain bike lube to your chain as you move the pedals around backward. Being humiliated by my buddies was not fun, but there were enough good things about skiing that I wanted to come back for more, just not with my buddies. -Del Plomo Hot Springs: Ideal for bikes, low traffic. The price will naturally be higher during prime riding seasons in spring and summer. It is important for the rider to note that not all frames are compatible with every type of forks. The apparel worn by rider is very much for their safety or protection. The back chain ring is a cog set featuring seven, eight or nine cogs, depending on how many "speeds" you have (21, 24 or 27). One of the problems is that they just haven't caught on and become commercially available enough to make them an everyday sight. And there are some people who rightfully bring up the issue of the fuel costs and environmental impact of producing the electricty used to power the bike in the first place. The tires are wider that are designed for diverse terrains. The price may generally differ depending on the condition of the bike and on how new the model really is. I've always been curious about this aspect of dating, because very few women have comparable experiences. It's about the journey and all that it entails, learning about yourself, making friends, being helped, and of course, helping others along the way".