Plastoquinol/plastocyanin reductase

The frontside hemisphere of the Hammer retroazimuthal projection. 15° graticule; center point at 45°N, 0°E.

The backside hemisphere of the Hammer retroazimuthal projection. 15° graticule; center point at 45°N, 0°E.

The Hammer retroazimuthal projection is a modified azimuthal proposed by Ernst Hermann Heinrich Hammer in 1910. As a retroazimuthal projection, azimuths (directions) are correct from any point to the designated center point. In whole-world presentation, the back and front hemispheres overlap, making the projection a surjective function. Given a radius R for the projecting globe, the projection is defined as:

$x=RK\cos {\varphi }_1\sin (\lambda -{\lambda }_0)$

$y=-RK[\sin {\varphi }_1\cos \varphi -\cos {\varphi }_1\sin \varphi \cos (\lambda -{\lambda }_0)]$

where

$K=z/\sin z$

and

$\cos z=\sin {\varphi }_1\sin \varphi +\cos {\varphi }_1\cos \varphi \cos (\lambda -{\lambda }_0)$

The latitude and longitude of the point to be plotted are φ and λ respectively, and the center point to which all azimuths are to be correct is given as φ₁ and λ₀.

See also

Sportspersons Hyslop from Nicolet, usually spends time with pastimes for example martial arts, property developers condominium in singapore singapore and hot rods. Maintains a trip site and has lots to write about after touring Gulf of Porto: Calanche of Piana.

• List of map projections

References

43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.

External links

• Description of Hammer Retroazimuthal front hemisphere.
• Description of Hammer Retroazimuthal back hemisphere.