Convergent cross mapping

Nuclear transparency is the ratio of cross-sections for exclusive processes from the nuclei to those of the nucleons.

If the nuclear cross-section is denoted as ${\sigma }_N$ and free nucleon cross-section as ${\sigma }_0$ then nuclear transparency can be defined as
$T={\sigma }_N/A{\sigma }_0$, where ${\sigma }_N$ can be parameterized in terms of ${\sigma }_0$ as ${\sigma }_N=A^{\alpha }{\sigma }_0$.

Therefore, transparency can be expressed as $T=A^{\alpha -1}$.
Here nucleon cross-section can be thought of as hydrogen cross-section and nuclei cross-section can be as for other targets.

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