Characteristic |
Description |
Example value |
Symbol |
Formula
|
Dose |
Amount of drug administered. |
500 mg |
![{\displaystyle D}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f34a0c600395e5d4345287e21fb26efd386990e6) |
Design parameter
|
Dosing interval |
Time between drug dose administrations. |
24 h |
![{\displaystyle \tau }](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/38a7dcde9730ef0853809fefc18d88771f95206c) |
Design parameter
|
Cmax |
The peak plasma concentration of a drug after administration. |
60.9 mg/L |
![{\displaystyle C_{\text{max}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/d64c20943fd7f2754b2497ead1d44fb8e8f154fe) |
Direct measurement
|
tmax |
Time to reach Cmax. |
3.9 h |
![{\displaystyle t_{\text{max}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/e4a6e1cee49621c7f43b3340b9b67a72a7260fba) |
Direct measurement
|
Cmin |
The lowest (trough) concentration that a drug reaches before the next dose is administered. |
27.7 mg/L |
![{\displaystyle C_{{\text{min}},{\text{ss}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/dae768e23689187ed271a0187d1ae4412da37fea) |
Direct measurement
|
Volume of distribution |
The apparent volume in which a drug is distributed (i.e., the parameter relating drug concentration to drug amount in the body). |
6.0 L |
![{\displaystyle V_{\text{d}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/358460ed51833e61eceec57349f5a49cb9cbc1da) |
|
Concentration |
Amount of drug in a given volume of plasma. |
83.3 mg/L |
![{\displaystyle C_{0},C_{\text{ss}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/adc63aeb3470e9ae504f8c15f52bf9954d62bc32) |
|
Elimination half-life |
The time required for the concentration of the drug to reach half of its original value. |
12 h |
![{\displaystyle t_{\frac {1}{2}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ff6dbc58c888243582036dd850dfc013242e88b9) |
|
Elimination rate constant |
The rate at which a drug is removed from the body. |
0.0578 h−1 |
![{\displaystyle k_{\text{e}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ace5e3d047252ae2f8bf6c6edc30b1219f43a229) |
|
Infusion rate |
Rate of infusion required to balance elimination. |
50 mg/h |
![{\displaystyle k_{\text{in}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/bf6d24f73b7bfacfbf145cbda755bebc5687db03) |
|
Area under the curve
|
The integral of the concentration-time curve (after a single dose or in steady state).
|
1,320 mg/L·h
|
![{\displaystyle AUC_{0-\infty }}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/464088e9e2a5bd58d647d2e734e1408f0c784ff2) |
|
![{\displaystyle AUC_{\tau ,{\text{ss}}}}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/6af31a6679ef0f47d2bd50a14cbdf90c4a823879) |
|
Clearance |
The volume of plasma cleared of the drug per unit time. |
0.38 L/h |
![{\displaystyle CL}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/134e48c63b788be291ce05f72eca6057a0fb9f11) |
|
Bioavailability |
The systemically available fraction of a drug. |
0.8 |
![{\displaystyle f}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/132e57acb643253e7810ee9702d9581f159a1c61) |
|
Fluctuation |
Peak trough fluctuation within one dosing interval at steady state |
41.8 % |
![{\displaystyle \%PTF}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/96058b621b18a0d13c8416f448c2532d6f6e66e0) |
![{\displaystyle ={\frac {C_{{\text{max}},{\text{ss}}}-C_{{\text{min}},{\text{ss}}}}{C_{{\text{av}},{\text{ss}}}}}\cdot 100}](https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/f5c037f7f4142008b272ecffd81fb03f71ef522c) where
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