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Template:Infobox scholar
Abū al-Wafāʾ, Muḥammad ibn Muḥammad ibn Yaḥyā ibn Ismāʿīl ibn al-ʿAbbās al-Būzjānī (Template:Lang-fa) [1] (10 June 940 – 15 July 998) was a Persian[2] mathematician and astronomer who worked in Baghdad. He made important innovations in spherical trigonometry, and his work on arithmetics for businessmen contains the first instance of using negative numbers in a medieval Islamic text.
He is also credited with compiling the tables of sines and tangents at 15' intervals. He also introduced the sec and cosec functions, as well studied the interrelations between the six trigonometric lines associated with an arc.[3] His Almagest was widely read by medieval Arabic astronomers in the centuries after his death. He is known to have written several other books that have not survived.
Life
He was born in Buzhgan, (now Torbat-e Jam) in Khorasan (in today's Iran). At age 19, in 959 AD, he moved to Baghdad and remained there for the next forty years, and died there in 998.[3] He was a contemporary of the distinguished scientists Abū Sahl al-Qūhī and Al-Sijzi who were in Baghdad at the time and others like Abu Nasr ibn Iraq, Abu-Mahmud Khojandi, Kushyar ibn Labban and Al-Biruni.[4] In Baghdad, he received patronage by members of the Buyid court.Template:Sfn
Astronomy
Abu Al-Wafa' was the first to build a wall quadrant to observe the sky.[4] It has been suggested that he was influenced by the works of Al-Battani as the latter describes a quadrant instrument in his Kitāb az-Zīj.[4] His use of tangent helped to solve problems involving right-angled spherical triangles, and developed a new technique to calculate sine tables, allowing him to construct more accurate tables than his predecessors.Template:Sfn
In 997, he participated in an experiment to determine the difference in local time between his location and that of al-Biruni (who was living in Kath, now a part of Uzbekistan). The result was very close to present-day calculations, showing a difference of approximately 1 hour between the two longitudes. Abu al-Wafa is also known to have worked with Abū Sahl al-Qūhī, who was a famous maker of astronomical instruments.Template:Sfn While what is extant from his works lacks theoretical innovation, his observational data were used by many later astronomers, including al-Biruni's.Template:Sfn
Almagest
Among his works on astronomy, only the first seven treatises of his Almagest (Kitāb al-Majisṭī) are now extant.[5] The work covers numerous topics in the fields of plane and spherical trigonometry, planetary theory, and solutions to determine the direction of Qibla.[4]Template:Sfn
Mathematics
He established several trigonometric identities such as sin(a ± b) in their modern form, where the Ancient Greek mathematicians had expressed the equivalent identities in terms of chords.[6]
He also discovered the law of sines for spherical triangles:
where A, B, C are the sides and a, b, c are the opposing angles.[6]
Some sources suggest that he introduced the tangent function, although other sources give the credit for this innovation to al-Marwazi.[6]
Works
- Almagest (Kitāb al-Majisṭī).
- A book of zij called Zīj al‐wāḍiḥ, no longer extant.Template:Sfn
- "A Book on Those Geometric Constructions Which Are Necessary for a Craftsman", (Kitāb fī mā yaḥtaj ilayh al-ṣāniʿ min al-aʿmāl al-handasiyya).Template:Sfn
- "A Book on What Is Necessary from the Science of Arithmetic for Scribes and Businessmen", (Kitāb fī mā yaḥtaj ilayh al-kuttāb wa’l-ʿummāl min ʾilm al-ḥisāb).Template:Sfn This is the first book where negative numbers have been used in the medieval Islamic texts.Template:Sfn
He also wrote translations and commentaries on the algebraic works of Diophantus, al-Khwārizmī, and Euclid's Elements.Template:Sfn
Legacy
The crater Abul Wáfa on the Moon is named after him.
Notes
43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.
References
- Template:MacTutor Biography
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My name is Dorris Bosanquet but everybody calls me Dorris. I'm from Iceland. I'm studying at the university (3rd year) and I play the Bass Guitar for 5 years. Usually I choose music from my famous films ;).
I have two sister. I love Knitting, watching movies and Water sports.
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External links
Template:Islamic mathematics
Template:Scholars of Khorasan
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On February 19 we had an appointment with the proprietor and his agent (A and H!) at the condominium to hand over the keys. They went by means of all the things with a wonderful tooth comb. An important lesson we learned over all this is that you simply MUST ENGAGE YOUR PERSONAL AGENT and never rely on the homeowners agent as his priority is to the proprietor not you. Nevertheless, last night time my own agent called me and informed me suddenly that ECG instructed them a buyer goes handy them a check within the morning, so we higher act fast or we may lose the property. Stamp responsibility is to be paid inside 14 days from the date of acceptance of the OTP or Sale and buy a house in singapore (click hyperlink) (S&P) Settlement. For more information, please go to www.iras.gov.sg - Gown Up Your House Woodlands East Industrial & Industrial Affiliation
There may also be a Code of Ethics and a Skilled Conduct Commonplace, as well as the introduction of disciplinary motion in opposition to errant brokers/businesses and dispute decision mechanisms. Preparations shall be made to manage the transition of existing agencies and agents to these new standards, which have but to be finalized. The Proposed Enchancment in High quality for Actual Property Businesses Wheelock Properties put up 95 items of The Panorama in Ang Mo Kio for balloting. With a reduction of 12 p.c, they claimed to promote 80 to eighty five units. Whereas developers are clearing their existing stock, every month there are new projects acquiring their HIGH and new sites released by the government to construct more private housing. The due date of each rental payment; or
To know who pays actual property commissions - whether or not it's sellers or buyers or both or if it is Landlord's or Tenant's or both Divisions vary. All Brokers work on a commission scheme that is determined by the experience, efficiency and various other elements equivalent to recruitment and many others. New brokers can receive from a range of 60%-70% of the full fee received by them from the closure of a deal. High producing brokers would possibly obtain 100% and pay the company (broker) a desk fee. Everybody else falls somewhere in between. Kindly discuss with the FAQ part of the CEA web site-www.cea.gov.sg Co-Broking / sharing of fee There isn't a set formulation. This is based on the demand and supply circumstances in the market. present agents have tertiary education.
- ↑ Template:Cite web
- ↑ "Iran" in USECO History of Humanity, ed. by M.A. Bakhit, Volume 4 of History of humanity : scientific and cultural development,UNESCO, 2000 pg 375: ""The science of trigonometry as known today was established by Islamic mathematicians. One of the most important of these was the Persian Abu'l Wafa Buzjani (d. 997 or 998), who wrote a work called the Almagest dealing mostly with trigonometry"" [1]
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Template:MacTutor Biography
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 One of the biggest reasons investing in a Singapore new launch is an effective things is as a result of it is doable to be lent massive quantities of money at very low interest rates that you should utilize to purchase it. Then, if property values continue to go up, then you'll get a really high return on funding (ROI). Simply make sure you purchase one of the higher properties, reminiscent of the ones at Fernvale the Riverbank or any Singapore landed property Get Earnings by means of Renting
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- Mathematicians of medieval Islam
- Astronomers of medieval Islam
- 10th-century mathematicians
- People from Torbat-e Jam
- 940 births
- 990s deaths
- Iraqi scientists
- Iranian scientists
- Medieval Persian mathematicians
- Medieval Persian astronomers
- Medieval Iraqi mathematicians
- Medieval Iraqi astronomers
- Scientists who worked on Qibla determination
- 10th-century astronomers
- Mathematicians from Nishapur
- 10th-century Iranian people
- Buyid scholars