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== or some of the slaves purchased from other planets ==
In [[functional analysis]] and related areas of [[mathematics]], '''barrelled spaces''' are Hausdorff [[topological vector spaces]] for which every barrelled set in the space is a [[neighbourhood (topology)|neighbourhood]] for the [[zero vector]]. A '''barrelled set''' or a '''barrel''' in a topological vector space is a [[Set (mathematics)|set]] which is [[Convex set|convex]], [[balanced set|balanced]], [[absorbing set|absorbing]] and [[closed set|closed]]. Barrelled spaces are studied because a form of the [[Banach–Steinhaus theorem]] still holds for them.


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== History ==
相关的主题文章:
<ul>
 
  <li>[http://www.aigfa.org/forum/front_slider/forum/item/create_form/1 http://www.aigfa.org/forum/front_slider/forum/item/create_form/1]</li>
 
  <li>[http://forum.vuilen.com/showthread.php?p=2739718#post2739718 http://forum.vuilen.com/showthread.php?p=2739718#post2739718]</li>
 
  <li>[http://cm.jesperlaursen.com/displayimage.php?pid=415/displayimage.php?pid=415&message_id=bacb5675d8bf3ce26777700b652544a3&message_icon=info#cpgMessageBlock http://cm.jesperlaursen.com/displayimage.php?pid=415/displayimage.php?pid=415&message_id=bacb5675d8bf3ce26777700b652544a3&message_icon=info#cpgMessageBlock]</li>
 
</ul>


== 'call ......' ==
Barrelled spaces were introduced by {{harvs|last=Bourbaki|authorlink=Nicolas Bourbaki|year=1950|txt}}.


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== Examples ==
相关的主题文章:
 
  <ul>
* In a [[semi normed vector space]] the closed [[unit ball]] is a barrel.
 
* Every [[locally convex topological vector space]] has a [[neighbourhood basis]] consisting of barrelled sets.
  <li>[http://bbs.shenghuoqu.com.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1365545 http://bbs.shenghuoqu.com.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1365545]</li>
* [[Fréchet space]]s, and in particular [[Banach space]]s, are barrelled, but generally a [[normed vector space]] is ''not'' barrelled.
 
* [[Montel space]]s are barrelled. Consequently, strong duals of Montel spaces are barrelled (since they are Montel spaces).
  <li>[http://srw.hk/plus/feedback.php?aid=3151 http://srw.hk/plus/feedback.php?aid=3151]</li>
* [[locally convex space]]s which are [[Baire space]]s are barrelled.
 
 
  <li>[http://tbitsglobal.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Aybnkphz#.27to_accumulate_more_and_more_divine..27 http://tbitsglobal.com/wiki/index.php?title=User:Aybnkphz#.27to_accumulate_more_and_more_divine..27]</li>
== Properties ==
 
For a [[locally convex space]] <math>X</math> with continuous dual <math>X'</math> the following are equivalent:
</ul>
* <math>X</math> is barrelled,
* <math>X</math> carries the [[strong topology (polar topology)|strong topology]] <math>\beta(X, X')</math>,
* every lower semi-continuous semi-norm on <math>X</math> is continuous,
* every <math>\sigma(X', X)</math>-bounded subset of the continuous dual space <math>X'</math> is equicontinuous.
 
In addition,
* Every sequentially complete quasibarrelled space is barrelled.
* A barrelled space need not be [[Montel space|Montel]], complete, metrizable, unordered Baire-like, nor the inductive limit of Banach spaces.
 
==Quasi-barrelled spaces==
 
A [[topological vector space]] <math>X</math> for which every barrelled bornivorous set in the space is a [[neighbourhood (topology)|neighbourhood]] of <math>0</math> is called a quasi-barrelled space, where a set is bornivorous if it absorbs all bounded subsets of <math>X</math>. Every barrelled space is quasi-barrelled.
 
For a [[locally convex space]] <math>X</math> with continuous dual <math>X'</math> the following are equivalent:
* <math>X</math> is quasi-barrelled,
* every bounded lower semi-continuous semi-norm on <math>X</math> is continuous,
* every <math>\beta(X', X)</math>-bounded subset of the continuous dual space <math>X'</math> is equicontinuous.
 
==References==
 
<references/>
*{{cite journal
| last = Bourbaki | first = Nicolas | authorlink = Nicolas Bourbaki
| journal = [[Annales de l'Institut Fourier]]
| language = French
| mr = 0042609
| pages = 5–16 (1951)
| title = Sur certains espaces vectoriels topologiques
| url = http://www.numdam.org/item?id=AIF_1950__2__5_0
| volume = 2
| year = 1950}}
* {{cite book |last1=Robertson |first1=Alex P. |first2= Wendy J.|last2=Robertson |title= Topological vector spaces |series=Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics |volume=53 |year=1964 |publisher= [[Cambridge University Press]] | pages=65–75}}
* {{cite book | last = Schaefer | first = Helmut H. | year = 1971 | title = Topological vector spaces  | series=[[Graduate Texts in Mathematics|GTM]] | volume=3  | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 0-387-98726-6 | page=60 }}
* {{cite book | author=S.M. Khaleelulla | title=Counterexamples in Topological Vector Spaces | publisher=[[Springer-Verlag]] | series=[[Graduate Texts in Mathematics|GTM]] | volume=936 | date=1982 | isbn=978-3-540-11565-6 | pages=28-46 }}
 
{{Functional Analysis}}
 
[[Category:Topological vector spaces]]
 
[[fr:Ensemble tonnelé]]

Revision as of 11:13, 29 January 2014

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, barrelled spaces are Hausdorff topological vector spaces for which every barrelled set in the space is a neighbourhood for the zero vector. A barrelled set or a barrel in a topological vector space is a set which is convex, balanced, absorbing and closed. Barrelled spaces are studied because a form of the Banach–Steinhaus theorem still holds for them.

History

Barrelled spaces were introduced by Template:Harvs.

Examples

Properties

For a locally convex space X with continuous dual X the following are equivalent:

In addition,

  • Every sequentially complete quasibarrelled space is barrelled.
  • A barrelled space need not be Montel, complete, metrizable, unordered Baire-like, nor the inductive limit of Banach spaces.

Quasi-barrelled spaces

A topological vector space X for which every barrelled bornivorous set in the space is a neighbourhood of 0 is called a quasi-barrelled space, where a set is bornivorous if it absorbs all bounded subsets of X. Every barrelled space is quasi-barrelled.

For a locally convex space X with continuous dual X the following are equivalent:

  • X is quasi-barrelled,
  • every bounded lower semi-continuous semi-norm on X is continuous,
  • every β(X,X)-bounded subset of the continuous dual space X is equicontinuous.

References

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Template:Functional Analysis

fr:Ensemble tonnelé