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It is describe as decease in shielding effort between nucleus and last orbital due to electrons present between them i.e, greater the screening effect , easier the removal of electron. | |||
In solids, especially in metals and semiconductors, the '''electrostatic screening''' or '''screening effect''' reduces the [[Electric field|electrostatic field]] and [[Coulomb's law|Coulomb potential]] of an ion inside the solid. Like the electric field of the nucleus is reduced inside an atom or ion due to the [[shielding effect]], the electric fields of ions in conducting solids are further reduced by the cloud of conduction electrons. The screened Coulomb potential is expressed as<ref name=Kittel> | |||
{{cite book |author=C. Kittel |title=Introduction to Solid State Physics |year= 1953-1976 |publisher=Wiley & Sons | |||
|url=http://eu.wiley.com/WileyCDA/WileyTitle/productCd-EHEP000803.html |isbn=0-471-49024-5 }} | |||
</ref> | |||
:<math>V(r) = \frac{Z e}{r} exp[{-q r}]</math> | |||
where ''Z'' is the [[atomic number]], <!--the first-->''e'' is the elementary unit charge, ''r'' is the distance to the nucleus of the embedded ion, <!--the second ''e'' is Euler's number,--> and ''q'' is the '''screening parameter''' that determines the range of the potential. The screening parameter ''q'' plays an important role in theoretical models in [[solid-state physics]].<ref name=JonesMarch> | |||
{{cite book |author= W. Jones, N. H. March |title=Theoretical Solid State Physics |year=1973 |publisher= Wiley and Sons - Dover Publications | |||
|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=7eTq_ndhFpgC |isbn=0-486-65015-4 }} | |||
</ref> The screened electrostatic potential, like the [[Yukawa potential]], has a simple [[Fourier transform]], expressed as | |||
:<math>V(k) = \frac{4 \pi Z e}{q^2 + k^2}</math> | |||
The screened potential determines the inter atomic force and the [[phonon]] dispersion relation in [[Metallic bond|metals]]. The screened potential is used to calculate the [[electronic band structure]] of a large variety of materials, often in combination with [[pseudopotential]] models. | |||
==See also== | |||
*[[Nearly free electron model]] | |||
*[[Muffin-tin approximation]] | |||
==References== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
[[Category:Electronic band structures]] | |||
[[Category:Electronic structure methods]] | |||
[[Category:Condensed matter physics]] | |||
Revision as of 21:37, 4 December 2013
It is describe as decease in shielding effort between nucleus and last orbital due to electrons present between them i.e, greater the screening effect , easier the removal of electron. In solids, especially in metals and semiconductors, the electrostatic screening or screening effect reduces the electrostatic field and Coulomb potential of an ion inside the solid. Like the electric field of the nucleus is reduced inside an atom or ion due to the shielding effect, the electric fields of ions in conducting solids are further reduced by the cloud of conduction electrons. The screened Coulomb potential is expressed as[1]
where Z is the atomic number, e is the elementary unit charge, r is the distance to the nucleus of the embedded ion, and q is the screening parameter that determines the range of the potential. The screening parameter q plays an important role in theoretical models in solid-state physics.[2] The screened electrostatic potential, like the Yukawa potential, has a simple Fourier transform, expressed as
The screened potential determines the inter atomic force and the phonon dispersion relation in metals. The screened potential is used to calculate the electronic band structure of a large variety of materials, often in combination with pseudopotential models.
See also
References
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20 year-old Real Estate Agent Rusty from Saint-Paul, has hobbies and interests which includes monopoly, property developers in singapore and poker. Will soon undertake a contiki trip that may include going to the Lower Valley of the Omo.
My blog: http://www.primaboinca.com/view_profile.php?userid=5889534