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| [[Image:Alveoli.svg|thumb|300px|Gaseous exchange in the lung.]]
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| '''Respiratory physiology''' is the branch of [[human physiology]] focusing upon [[Respiration (physiology)|respiration]].
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| Topics include:
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| ==Volumes==
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| * [[lung volumes]]
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| * [[vital capacity]]
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| * [[functional residual capacity]]
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| * [[dead space (physiology)|dead space]]
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| * [[spirometry]]
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| * [[body plethysmography]]
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| * [[peak flow meter]]
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| ==Mechanics==
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| [[Image:Gray965.png|thumb|80px|Front view of thorax.]]
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| Inhalation (breathing in) is usually an active movement. The contraction of the diaphragm muscles cause a pressure variation, which is equal to the pressures caused by elastic, resistive and inertial components of the respiratory system. In contrast, expiration (breathing out) is usually a passive process.
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| <math>
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| \begin{align}
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| P &= P_{el} + P_{re} + P_{in} \\
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| P &= EV + R\dot{V} + I\ddot{V}
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| \end{align}
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| </math>
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| Where P<sub>el</sub> equals the product of [[elastance]] E (inverse of [[Pulmonary compliance|compliance]]) and volume of the system V, P<sub>re</sub> equals the product of flow [[Airway resistance|resistance]] R and time derivate of volume V (which is equivalent to the flow), P<sub>in</sub> equals the product of [[inertance]] I and second time derivate of V. R and I are sometimes referred to as Rohrer's constants.
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| * Anatomy: [[pleural cavity]], [[thoracic diaphragm]], [[Intercostales externi muscles]], [[Intercostales interni muscles]]
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| * [[inhalation]] and [[exhalation]]
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| * [[lung]], [[pulmonary alveolus]]
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| * With insufficient [[pulmonary surfactant]], the [[pulmonary alveolus|pulmonary alveoli]] collapse, causing [[atelectasis]] (in infants, [[infant respiratory distress syndrome]])
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| * the [[law of Laplace]],
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| * [[compliance (physiology)]] - decreased with [[fibrosis]], increased with [[emphysema]]<ref>[http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/Encyclopedia/Compliance/Compliance.HTML Compliance<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
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| * [[Poiseuille's law]]
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| * [[asthma]] and [[Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease|COPD]]
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| * [[hysteresivity]]
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| ==Circulation, ventilation, and perfusion==
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| [[Image:Illu_pulmonary_circuit.jpg|thumb|80px|Pulmonary circulation]]
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| * [[pulmonary circulation]]
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| * [[positive pressure ventilation]]
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| * [[hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction|hypoxic vasoconstriction]]
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| * [[ventilation (physiology)]], [[perfusion]], [[ventilation/perfusion ratio]] (V/Q), and [[ventilation/perfusion scan]]
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| * shunts: right-to-left ([[tetralogy of fallot]]), left-to-right ([[patent ductus arteriosus]])
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| * [[respiratory rate]] and [[respirometer]]
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| ==Gas exchange/transport (primarily oxygen and carbon dioxide)==
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| [[Image:Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve.png|thumb|80px|Oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve]]
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| * [[gas exchange]]
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| * [[Dalton's law]]
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| * [[hemoglobin]]
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| * [[oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve]], [[Bohr effect]], [[Haldane effect]]
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| * [[carbonic anhydrase]]
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| * [[oxyhemoglobin]]
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| * [[respiratory quotient]]
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| * [[arterial blood gas]]
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| ==Control and response==
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| [[Image:Gray768.png|thumb|80px|Pons]]
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| * [[control of respiration]]
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| * [[reticular formation]]
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| * [[pons]] (apneuistic and pneumotaxic)
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| * [[chemoreceptors]] ([[medulla oblongata|medulla]], [[carotid body]], [[aortic body]])
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| * [[Hering-Breuer reflex]]
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| * [[involuntary control of respiration]]
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| * [[exercise]]
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| * [[hyperoxia]]
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| * [[hypoxemia]] ([[hypoxic hypoxia]])
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| ==Disorders==
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| * [[altitude sickness]]
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| * [[asthma]]
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| * [[carbon monoxide poisoning]]
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| * [[chronic obstructive pulmonary disease]]
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| * [[emphysema]]
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| * [[infant respiratory distress syndrome]]
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| * [[pulmonary edema]]
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Breath sounds]]
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| * [[Pulmonology]]
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| * [[Respiratory monitoring]]
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| * [[Respiratory system]]
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| * [[Wikipedia:MeSH G09#MeSH G09.772 --- respiratory physiology]]
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| ==Additional images==
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| <gallery>
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| Image:Surface tension and lung volume.jpg
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| Image:Curvon1.jpg
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| Image:Curvon2.jpg
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| Image:IPP lungs.jpg
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| </gallery>
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| ==References==
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| <references/>
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| ==External links==
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| * [http://oac.med.jhmi.edu/res_phys/index.HTML Overview] at [[Johns Hopkins University]]
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| * [http://itunes.apple.com/gb/app//id426038414?mt=8 Clinical Sciences - Respiratory] An iPhone app covering detailed respiratory physiology and anatomy
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| {{Respiratory physiology}}
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| [[Category:Respiratory physiology|*]]
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Greetings. The author's title is Phebe and she feels comfortable when individuals use the complete name. South Dakota is where me and my husband reside and my family members enjoys it. Body building is one of the issues I love most. For many years I've been operating as a payroll clerk.
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