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| '''Blood volume''' is the [[volume]] of [[blood]] (both [[red blood cell]]s and [[blood plasma|plasma]]) in the [[circulatory system]] of any individual.
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| ==Humans==
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| A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately between 4.7 and 5 litres, with females generally having less blood volume than males.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hypertextbook.com/facts/1998/LanNaLee.shtml|title=Volume of Blood in a Human|work=The Physics Factbook|first=Lan Na|last=Lee|year=1998}}</ref> Blood volume is regulated by the [[kidney]]s.
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| Blood volume (BV) can be calculated given the [[hematocrit]] (HC; the fraction of blood that is [[red blood cell]]s) and plasma volume (PV):
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| :<math>BV = \frac{PV}{1-HC}</math>
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| Diagnostic technologies are commercially available to measure human blood volume. A recent radionucleotide study called BVA-100, Blood Volume Analysis is the only FDA approved instrument that provides a measure of Red Blood Cells and Plasma with 98% accuracy.
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| Blood volume measurement is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment patients suffering from [[Congestive Heart Failure]], [[Chronic hypertension]], [[Renal Failure]] and Critical Care.
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| ==Other Animals==
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| {|class="wikitable" align="right"
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| ! Animal !! Blood volume<br> (ml/kg)<ref name=drexel/>
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| | [[Cat]] || 55 (47-66)
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| | [[Cow]] || 55 (52-57) <ref>Reynolds, Monica ; Plasma and Blood Volume in the Cow Using the T-1824 Hematocrit Method
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| [[American Journal of Physiology]] - June 1953 vol. 173 no. 3 421-427</ref>
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| | [[Dog]] || 86 (79-90)
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| | [[Ferret]] || 75
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| | [[Gerbil]] || 67
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| | [[Goat]] || 70
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| | [[Guinea pig]] || 75 (67-92)
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| | [[Hamster]] || 78
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| | [[Circulatory system of the horse|Horse]] || 76
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| | [[Rhesus monkey|Monkey (rhesus)]] || 54
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| | [[Mouse]] || 79 (78-80)
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| | [[Pig]] || 65
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| | [[Rabbit]] || 56 (44-70)
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| | [[Rat]] || 64 (50-70)
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| | [[Sheep]] || 60
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| | [[Marmoset]] || 60-70<ref>Wolfensohn & Lloyd, 2003, Handbook of Laboratory Animal Management and Welfare, 3rd Edition</ref>
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| The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults of a selection of animals.<ref name=drexel>[http://www.drexelmed.edu/documents/ULAR/IACUC_drugs.pdf A Compendium of Drugs Used for Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia, Tranquilization and Restraint] at Drexel University College of Medicine. Retrieved April 2011</ref> However, it can be 15% less in obese and old animals.<ref name=drexel/>
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Volume status]]
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| * [[Hypovolemia]]
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| * [[Hypervolemia]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| ==External links==
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| * http://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP025.htm
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| {{Cardiovascular physiology}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Blood Volume}}
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| [[Category:Blood]]
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| {{circulatory-stub}}
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