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| {{Refimprove|date=December 2006}}
| | The name of the author is Jayson. Invoicing is what I do for a residing but I've always wanted my own company. Ohio is where my home is but my husband desires us to move. To perform lacross is something he would never give up.<br><br>My blog post; free psychic reading - [http://www.sirudang.com/siroo_Notice/2110 look at here now], |
| {{Infobox VG| title = Gossip
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| |image = [[Image:gossip1.gif]]
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| |developer = [[Atari]]
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| |publisher = [[Atari]]
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| |designer = [[Chris Crawford (game designer)|Chris Crawford]]
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| |engine =
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| |released = 1983
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| |genre = [[Art game]]
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| |modes =
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| |ratings = N/A
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| |platforms = [[Atari 8-bit family|Atari 400/800/XL/XE]]
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| |media = [[cartridge (electronics)|cartridge]]
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| |requirements =
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| |input = [[Joystick]]
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| }}
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| '''''Gossip''''' was an experimental [[video game]] created for the [[Atari 400]] by [[Chris Crawford (game designer)|Chris Crawford]]. Crawford wished for video games that would simulate aspects of human social interaction via “social challenges”. He hoped these "[[people game]]s" would appeal to those who were not interested in the more common gaming genres of combat and sports.
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| Although the social interactions in Gossip are relatively simple, Crawford contends that they are comparable to the level of complexity found in [[The Sims]].
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| ==Interface==
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| The screen at right is a mock-up that Crawford contributed. In ''[[High Score!: The Illustrated History of Electronic Games]]'' (ISBN 0-07-222428-2), an actual screen shot appears with different colours and eight characters: You, Val, Jim, Liz, Amy, Dan, Sue and Tom.
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| The player would use a [[joystick]] [[cursor (computers)|cursor]] to select a character to [[telephone]]. That person’s phone would ring with a jiggling [[animation]] and ringing [[sound effect]]. He or she would pick up the phone and say, “Air-oh?” The player would select a person to gossip about, and then one of five expressive animations (strong positive, slight positive, neutral, slight negative, strong negative). The listener would then respond with his or her own opinion of the person.
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| ==Social model==
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| The social interactions he chose for this experimental simulation were declarations of affinity (e.g. “I like Fred,” “I hate Jane”). The theory behind the simulation was that people liked those who shared their opinions of others, and were also influenced positively by their friends’ opinions and negatively by their enemies’ opinions. Such declarations, Crawford said, were implicit in many pieces of gossip. He produced the following mathematical model:
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| <math>\Delta x_{l,s}=\frac{x_{l,o} x'_{s,o}}{k_1}</math>
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| <math>\Delta x_{l,o}=\frac{x_{l,s} x'_{s,o}}{k_2}</math>
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| where ''x<sub>a,b</sub>'' is ''a''’s actual opinion of ''b'', | |
| ''x'<sub>a,b</sub>'' is ''a''’s declared opinion of ''b'', ''l'' is the listener, ''s'' is the speaker, ''o'' is the object (the person being gossiped about), k<sub>1</sub> and k<sub>2</sub> are constants greater than 1 (Crawford gave the hypothetical value of 10, but did not specify the actual values used in the game).
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| The AI characters did not perform discrete interactions with each other. They instead acted as nodes in a web of springs, trying to reduce the tension around them.
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| One issue that was not addressed was [[sincerity]]. Also, it did not account for the fact that repeating the same statement too many times would eventually reduce its effect.
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| ==Commercial results==
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| Although Crawford was particularly proud of this game, he never developed a structure of goals (making it, by his definition, a toy rather than a game) and never published it. Only a few cartridges were produced, and fewer still (the exact number is uncertain) ever sold, and they are now rare collector’s items. Nonetheless, he applied this experimental system in [[Excalibur (computer game)|Excalibur]], for the management of the [[Knights of the Round Table]] and diplomacy with the other kings of England. In the former case, affinity was declared by giving gold, bestowing honours that would diminish the value of other honours, and banishing a knight. In the latter case, it was by demanding [[tithes]], paying them and attacking. He also took the idea of social challenge into a different mechanic with [[Trust and Betrayal: The Legacy of Siboot]].
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| ==References==
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| {{cite book
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| |title=[[Chris Crawford on Game Design]]
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| |isbn=0-88134-117-7
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| |last=Crawford
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| |first=Chris
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| |authorlink=Chris Crawford (game designer)
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| |year=2003
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| |publisher=New Riders
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| |chapter=Chapter 19: Gossip
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| }}
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://www.atariarchives.org/APX/showinfo.php?cat=unknown_gos atariarchive.org] Gossip info
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| [[Category:1983 video games]]
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| [[Category:Atari 8-bit family games]]
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| [[Category:Atari Program Exchange software]]
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| [[Category:Social simulation video games]]
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| [[Category:Chris Crawford (game designer) games]]
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The name of the author is Jayson. Invoicing is what I do for a residing but I've always wanted my own company. Ohio is where my home is but my husband desires us to move. To perform lacross is something he would never give up.
My blog post; free psychic reading - look at here now,