|
|
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| | | <br><br>Frustrated? It's easy. No matter how good you are, a bit of grow your sales or your profits until people start finding you; which means you need to sell more items, work harder, make more customers happier, and wait for develop to come. It's a long slog.<br><br>Constant supply. Your external it support company in order to available a person 24/7 without exception, even though you might consider leaving them be at Christmas. Below have to panic as your systems are down no one can solve the problem, on account of your IT support will be there for you personally personally. Businesses which suffer from lengthy down times within many cases are those which wind up bankrupt; let it happen to you by signing up for a vigilant it support computer program.<br><br>Identify a problem/issue/pain they have that many solve -- ex., CEO overwhelmed wearing too many hats, getting burned out, stressed about money, end up being grow and increase profits, has not enough available time for strategic planning.<br><br>Your IT Newsletter or report is your chance produce a great first impression. Don't jeopardize your chances by making yourself appear to an amateur with poorly written ingredients.<br><br>Great personalisation goes behind that name drop though. It's about constant tailoring of your already well targeted text. Use any information own about the recipient that may add towards message you're sending.<br><br>This can be done while sipping just one cup of coffee. Just downloading application and allow software run and inspect your personal computer. It will report all the errors discovered in the registry files for you. Then, it will fix those errors. Now your computer will be as fast as only bought it new.<br><br>Resting is important, but you can't just sit down when you are like out. Push yourself further and find well of mental strength inside users. Focus on that new lean body that you get a person don't keep this up.<br><br>If you have any sort of concerns pertaining to where and the best ways to utilize [http://www.amj-uk.com/-IT-Support-.html IT Services kent], you could contact us at our own site. |
| [[File:2006-02-04 Metal spiral.jpg|thumb|350px|Slinky]]
| |
| '''Slinky''' is a [[toy]], a precompressed [[helix|helical]] [[Spring (device)|spring]] invented by [[Richard T. James|Richard James]] in the early 1940s. It can perform a number of tricks, including travelling down a flight of steps end-over-end as it stretches and re-forms itself with the aid of gravity and its own momentum, or appear to levitate for a period of time after it has been dropped. These interesting characteristics have contributed to its success as a toy in its home country of [[USA]], resulting in many popular toys with slinky components in a wide range of countries. | |
| | |
| ==History==
| |
| The toy was invented and developed by naval engineer [[Richard T. James|Richard James]] in the 1943 and demonstrated at [[Gimbels]] department store in [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], in November 1945. The toy was a hit, selling its entire inventory of 400 units in ninety minutes. James and his wife [[Betty James|Betty]] formed James Industries in [[Clifton Heights, PA]] to manufacture Slinky and several related toys such as the Slinky Dog and Suzie, the Slinky Worm. In 1960, James' wife Betty became president of James Industries, and, in 1964, moved the operation to [[Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania]]. In 1998, Betty James sold the company to Poof Products, Inc.
| |
| | |
| Slinky was originally priced at $1, but many paid much more due to price increases of spring steel throughout the state of Pennsylvania, and has remained modestly priced throughout its history as a result of Betty James' concern about the toy's affordability for financially disadvantaged customers.{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}} Slinky has seen uses other than as a toy in the playroom: it has appeared in the classroom as a teaching tool, in wartime as a radio antenna, and in physics experiments with NASA. Slinky was inducted into the [[National Toy Hall of Fame]] at [[The Strong]] in [[Rochester, New York]], in 2000. In 2002, Slinky became Pennsylvania's official state toy, and, in 2003, was named to the [[Toy Industry Association]]'s "[http://web.archive.org/web/20030401214230/http://www.toy-tia.org/industry/news/press/tf03_centuryoftoys.html Century of Toys List]." In its first 60 years Slinky has sold 300 million units.{{citation needed|date=September 2012}}
| |
| | |
| ===Creation===
| |
| [[File:Slinky ad 1946.jpg|thumb|Slinky (1946)]]
| |
| | |
| In 1943, [[Richard T. James|Richard James]], a naval mechanical engineer stationed at the [[William Cramp and Sons]] shipyards in Philadelphia, was developing springs that could support and stabilize sensitive instruments aboard ships in rough seas.<ref>{{cite book|title=Business Leader Profiles for Students|editor1-first = Sheila |editor1-last=Dow |editor2-first= Jaime E. |editor2-last=Noce|volume=2|location=Detroit|publisher=Gale|year=2002|pages=238–241|isbn=978-0-7876-6615-6}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Toy Box Leadership: Leadership Lessons from the Toys You Loved as a Child |last1=Hunter |first1=Ron |first2=Michael E. |last2=Waddell |year=2008 |publisher=Thomas Nelson |location=Nashville, Tennessee |isbn= 978-0-7852-2740-3|page=22 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=oXIXhzaK-mMC&pg=PA22&dq=slinky+history+navy&cd=2#v=onepage |accessdate=2010-02-04}}</ref> James accidentally knocked one of the springs from a shelf, and watched as the spring "stepped" in a series of arcs to a stack of books, to a tabletop, and to the floor, where it re-coiled itself and stood upright.<ref name="MIT">{{cite web |url=http://web.mit.edu/Invent/iow/slinky.html |title=Inventor of the Week: The Slinky |publisher=[[MIT School of Engineering]] |accessdate=2009-02-24}}</ref><ref name="Walsh" /> James' wife Betty later recalled, "He came home and said, 'I think if I got the right property of steel and the right tension; I could make it walk.'"<ref>{{cite news | title = Novel Ideas | first = John | last = Przybys | url = http://www.reviewjournal.com/lvrj_home/1998/Mar-01-Sun-1998/lifestyles/7021869.html | newspaper = Las Vegas Review-Journal | date = March 1, 1998 | accessdate = 2010-02-04 }}</ref> James experimented with different types of steel wire over the next year, and finally found a spring that would walk. Betty was dubious at first, but changed her mind after the toy was fine-tuned and neighborhood children expressed an excited interest in it.<ref name="Walsh" /> She dubbed the toy Slinky (meaning "sleek and graceful"), after finding the word in a dictionary,<ref name="MIT" /><ref name="Walsh" /> and deciding that the word aptly described the sound of a metal spring expanding and collapsing.<ref name="NYTimes3">{{cite news |last=Barnes |first=Julian E. |title=A Name, a Name, Destined for Fame |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |date=2001-01-28 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9401E5D7123FF93BA15752C0A9679C8B63 |accessdate=2009-02-26}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| With a [[United States dollar|US$]]500 loan, the couple formed James Industries (originally James Spring & Wire Company), had 400 Slinky units made by a local machine shop, hand-wrapped each in yellow paper, and priced them at $1 a piece.<ref name="Walsh" /> Each was 2{{frac|1|2}}" tall, and included 98 coils of high-grade blue-black Swedish steel.<ref name="Rich" /> The Jameses had difficulty selling Slinky to toy stores but, in November 1945, they were granted permission to set up an [[inclined plane]] in the toy section of [[Gimbels]] department store in Philadelphia to demonstrate the toy. Slinky was a hit, and the first 400 units were sold within ninety minutes.<ref name="Walsh" /><ref name="Rich">{{cite book |last=Rich |first=Mark |title=Warman's 101 Greatest Baby Boomer Toys |publisher=KP Books |year=2005 |location=Iola, Wisconsin |pages=58–59 |isbn=0-89689-220-4}}</ref> In 1946, Slinky was introduced at the [[American International Toy Fair|American Toy Fair]].
| |
| | |
| ===Subsequent developments===
| |
| Richard James opened shop in Albany, New York after developing a machine that could produce a Slinky within seconds.<ref name="MIT" /><ref name="Rich" /> The toy was packaged in a black-lettered box, and advertising saturated America. James often appeared on television shows to promote Slinky. In 1952, the Slinky Dog debuted. Other Slinky toys introduced in the 1950s included the Slinky train Loco, the Slinky worm Suzie, and the Slinky Crazy Eyes, a pair of glasses that uses Slinkys over the eyeholes attached to plastic eyeballs. James Industries licensed the patent to several other manufacturers including Wilkening Mfg. Co. of Philadelphia and Toronto which produced spring-centered toys such as Mr. Wiggle's Leap Frog and Mr. Wiggle's Cowboy.<ref name="Rich" /> In its first 2 years, James Industries sold 100 million Slinkys (At $1 apiece, that would be the equivalent to $1 Billion, adjusted for inflation, in gross revenue over those 2 years).<ref name="Walsh" />
| |
| | |
| In 1960, Richard James left the company after his wife filed for divorce and he became an evangelical missionary in [[Bolivia]] with [[Wycliffe Bible Translators]].<ref>{{Cite web|title='Slinky' brainchild |publisher=[[Delaware County Daily Times]] |url=http://www.newspapers.com/newspage/19524766/ |accessdate=2014-01-25}}</ref> Betty James managed the company, juggled creditors, and moved the company to [[Hollidaysburg, Pennsylvania]], in 1964. Richard James died in 1974. The company he founded and its product line expanded under Betty James' leadership.<ref name="Walsh" /> In 1995, she explained the toy's success to the [[Associated Press]] by saying, "It's the simplicity of it."<ref name="Betty">{{cite news |title=Betty James, who cofounded Slinky company, dies |url=http://www.kxmb.com/getArticle.asp?ArticleId=300881 |accessdate=2009-02-25|date=2008-11-22|agency=[[Associated Press]]|publisher=[[KXMB-TV]]}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| Betty James insisted upon keeping the original Slinky affordable. In 1996, when the price ranged from $1.89 to $2.69, she told ''[[The New York Times]]'': “So many children can't have expensive toys, and I feel a real obligation to them. I'm appalled when I go Christmas shopping and $60 to $80 for a toy is nothing." In 2008, Slinkys cost $4 to $5, and Slinky Dogs about $20.<ref name="NYTimes" />
| |
| | |
| In 1998, James Industries was sold to Poof Products, Inc. of [[Plymouth, Michigan]], a manufacturer of foam sports balls.<ref name="Walsh" /><ref name="NYTimes" /> Slinky continued production in Hollidaysburg.<ref name="Walsh" /> In 2003, James Industries merged with Poof Products, Inc. to create Poof-Slinky, Inc.
| |
| | |
| Betty James died of [[congestive heart failure]] in November 2008, aged 90, after having served as president of James Industries from 1960 to 1998.<ref name="NYTimes">{{cite news |title=Betty James, Who Named the Slinky Toy, Is Dead at 90 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/11/25/business/25james.html |accessdate=2009-02-25|last=Hevesi|first= Dennis|publisher=[[The New York Times]] | date=2008-11-25}}</ref> Over 300 million Slinkys have been sold between 1945 and 2005, and the original Slinky is still a bestseller.<ref name="Walsh" /><ref name="Rich" />
| |
| | |
| ==Physical properties==
| |
| The rules that govern the mechanics of a slinky are due to [[Hooke's law]] and the effects of [[gravitation]].
| |
| ===Period of oscillation===
| |
| Due to [[simple harmonic motion]] the period of oscillation of a dangling slinky is
| |
| :<math>T = 2\pi \sqrt{\frac{m}{k}}.</math>
| |
| Where T is the time of the period of oscillation, m is the mass of the slinky and k is the spring constant of the slinky.
| |
| | |
| ===Equilibrium===
| |
| In the state of equilibrium of a slinky, all net force is cancelled throughout the entire slinky. This results in a stationary slinky with zero velocity. As the positions of each part of the slinky is governed by the slinky's mass, the force of gravity and the spring constant, various other properties of the slinky may be induced. The length of a perfect slinky with zero length when extended is
| |
| :<math>L = \frac{W}{2k}.</math>
| |
| Where L is the length of the slinky, W is the weight of the slinky, and k is the spring constant of the slinky.
| |
| | |
| Due to the forces of gravity, the slinky appears bunched up towards the bottom end, as the function of the position of a slinky is
| |
| :<math>p(n) = L(n-1)^2.</math>
| |
| Where n is the dimensionless variable ranging from 0 to 1, 0 being the top and 1 being the bottom of the slinky, and each number between is the percentage of the slinky's mass above point n, and p(n) gives the position that n is in below the top of the slinky.
| |
| | |
| This quadratic equation means that rather than the center of mass being at the middle of the slinky, it lies two thirds of the length down, closer to the bottom end.
| |
| ===Phenomenon===
| |
| ====Flight of stairs====
| |
| When set in motion on a stepped platform such as a stairway, the slinky transfers energy along its length in a longitudinal wave. The whole spring descends end over end in a periodical motion, as if it were somersaulting down one step at a time.<ref>Ikenson, Ben. Patents: Ingenious Inventions : How They Work and How They Came to Be.</ref>
| |
| ====Changing strength====
| |
| When any slinky is shortened, by means of cutting the slinky (or simply by holding a large portion of the top), the result is a stronger spring strength. Through observation of the length and position equations this becomes apparent because by removing three quarters the length, only half the mass is removed. The result is a spring constant twice as high as the original strength, and the effects can be easily observed through the effects on the period of oscillation.
| |
| ====Levitation====
| |
| When the top end of the Slinky is dropped, the information of the tension change must propagate to the bottom end before both sides begin to fall; the top of an extended Slinky will drop while the bottom initially remains in its original position, compressing the spring.<ref>{{cite AV media | url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2011/09/26/slinky-drop-physics/ | title=Slinky drop physics - video of extended Slinky being dropped | publisher=Discover magazine | date=26 September 2011}}</ref> This creates a suspension time of approximately half a second, but has potential to create a much larger suspension time.
| |
| | |
| ==Commercial history==
| |
| | |
| ===Jingle===
| |
| The famous jingle for the SLINKY television commercial was created in Columbia, South Carolina in 1962 with Johnny McCullough and Homer Fesperman writing the music and Charles Weagly penning the lyrics. It became the longest-running jingle in advertising history.<ref name="Walsh">{{cite book | last = Walsh | first = Tim | year = 2005 | title = Timeless Toys: Classic Toys and the Playmakers Who Created Them | publisher = [[Andrews McMeel Publishing]] | isbn = 978-0-7407-5571-2 | pages = 62–65 }}</ref>
| |
| | |
| The jingle has itself been parodied and referenced in popular culture. It is seen in the "Log" commercial on ''[[The Ren & Stimpy Show]]'' and sung by actor [[Jim Carrey]] in ''[[Ace Ventura: When Nature Calls]]''. The song is also referenced in the movie ''[[Lords of Dogtown]]'', where it is sung in full by [[Emile Hirsch]], and is sung by [[Eddie Murphy]] as part of the final routine in the stand-up comedy film ''[[Eddie Murphy Raw]]''.
| |
| | |
| ===Slinky Dog===
| |
| Early in the history of James Industries, Helen (Herrick) Malsed of the state of [[Washington (U.S. state)|Washington]] sent the company a letter and drawings for developing Slinky pull-toys. The company liked her ideas, and Slinky Dog and Slinky Train were added to the company's product line. Slinky Dog, a small plastic dog whose front and rear ends were joined by a metal Slinky, debuted in 1952. Malsed received royalties of $60,000 to $70,000 annually for 17 years on her patent for the Slinky pull-toy idea, but never visited the plant.<ref name="NYTimes2">{{cite news |last=McDowell |first=Edwin |title=Helen H. Malsed, 88, Creator of Slinky Toys |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |date=1998-11-28 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E03E3DB1139F93AA15752C1A96E958260 |accessdate=2009-02-26}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| In 1995, the Slinky Dog was redesigned for [[Pixar]]'s ''[[Toy Story]]''. James Industries had discontinued their Slinky Dog a few years previously. Betty James approved of the new Slinky Dog, telling the press, "[The earlier Slinky Dog] wasn't nearly as cute as this one." The molds used in manufacturing the new toy created problems for James Industries so the plastic front and rear ends were manufactured in China with James Industries doing the assembly and packaging. The entire run of 825,000 redesigned Slinky Dogs sold out well before Christmas 1995.<ref name="NYTimes1">{{cite news |last=Witchel |first=Alex |date=1996-02-21 |title=Talking Toys with Betty James; Persevering for Family and Slinky |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9C00E1D61339F932A15751C0A960958260 |accessdate=2009-02-26}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| ===Plastic Slinky===
| |
| [[File:Slinky rainbow.jpg|thumb|Rainbow colored plastic Slinky toy]]
| |
| Plastic Slinkys are also available. They can be made in different colors. Many of them are made with the colors of the rainbow in rainbow order. Plastic Slinkys are more flexible and less deformable{{Verification needed|date=June 2013}}, allowing them to be more easily reversed end-to-end without tangling. They were marketed in the 1970s as a safer alternative to metal slinkys as they did not present a hazard when inserted into electrical sockets. The plastic spring toy, known as the Plastic Slinky was invented by Donald James Reum, Sr. of Master Mark Plastics in Albany, Minnesota. Mr. Reum came up with the idea as he was playing with different techniques to produce a spiral hose for watering plants. However, as it came off the assembly line, according to his children, it looked more like a "Slinky". He worked at it until it came out perfectly and then went to Betty James with his prototype. Mr. Reum manufactured the Plastic Slinky for Betty James for several years. Eventually Betty James decided to manufacture the product exclusively through James manufacturing effectively ending the production of the toy by the small Minnesota company. Reum's patent number, 4120929 was filed on Dec 28, 1976 and issued by the US Patent Office on Oct 17, 1978.
| |
| <ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 4120929 | status = patent | fdate = 28 December 1976 | gdate = 17 October 1978 | title = Method for producing a spirally wound plastic article | invent1 = Reum, Donald James}}</ref> | |
| | |
| ==Awards and honors==
| |
| In 1999, the United States Postal Service issued a Slinky postage stamp.<ref>{{cite book |title=Sourcebook for Receptive and Expressive Language |publisher=Wayne State University Press |location=Detroit, Michigan |year=2006 |page=106 |isbn=0-8143-3314-1 |url=http://books.google.com/?id=qO0s0Z52IYYC&pg=PA106&dq=Slinky+postage+stamp |accessdate=2009-02-25}}</ref> The Slinky was inducted into the [[Toy Hall of Fame]] in 2000 in their [[Celebrate the Century]] stamp series. A bill to nominate the slinky as the [[List of U.S. state toys|state toy]] of [[Pennsylvania]] was introduced by [[Richard Geist]] in 2001 but not enacted.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.legis.state.pa.us/cfdocs/billinfo/billinfo.cfm?syear=2001&sind=0&body=H&type=B&BN=1893|title=Regular Session 2001–2002, House Bill 1893|publisher=[[Pennsylvania General Assembly]]|accessdate=31 March 2011}}</ref> The same year, Betty James was inducted into the [[Toy Industry Association]]'s Hall of Fame.<ref name="NYTimes" /> In 2003, Slinky was named to the Toy Industry Association's "Century of Toys List", a roll call of the 100 most memorable and most creative toys of the twentieth century.<ref>{{cite press release |title=Toy Industry Association Announces Its Century of Toys List |publisher=[[Business Wire]] for [[Toy Industry Association]] |date=2003-01-21 |url=http://www.allbusiness.com/manufacturing/miscellaneous-mfg-doll-toy-games-games/5673984-1.html |accessdate=2009-02-19}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| ==Other uses==
| |
| High school teachers and college professors have used Slinkys to simulate the properties of [[waves]] {{Verification needed|date=June 2013}}, United States troops in the [[Vietnam War]] used them as mobile radio antennas {{Verification needed|date=June 2013}}(as have amateur radio operators), and [[NASA]] has used them in zero-gravity physics experiments in the [[Space Shuttle]].<ref name="MIT">{{cite web |url=http://web.mit.edu/Invent/iow/slinky.html |title=Inventor of the Week: The Slinky |publisher=[[MIT School of Engineering]] |accessdate=2009-02-24}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| Slinkys and similar springs can be used to create a 'laser gun' like sound effect.<ref>[http://www.abc.net.au/science/experimentals/experiments/episode19_2.htm ''The Experimentals'' Episode 19], [[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]]</ref>
| |
| This is done by holding up a slinky in the air and striking one end, resulting in a metallic tone which sharply lowers in pitch. This is due to the properties of the metal; higher frequencies travel faster than the lower ones, so as to the listener the high-pitched sound is heard first, then gets progressively lower.{{Citation needed|date=June 2009}} The effect can be amplified by attaching a plastic cup to one end of the Slinky.
| |
| | |
| In 1959, [[John Cage]] composed an avant garde work called ''Sounds of Venice'' scored for (among other things) a piano, a slab of marble and Venetian broom, a birdcage of canaries, and an amplified Slinky.<ref>{{cite book |last=Fetterman |first=William |title=John Cage's Theatre Pieces |publisher=Routledge |year=1996 |page=36 |id=ISBN 3-7186-5642-6 (hbk); ISBN 3-7186-5643-4 (pbk) |url=http://books.google.com/?id=2QEWa2Ptfq8C&pg=PA36&dq=John+Cage+Slinky}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| In 1985 in conjunction with the [[Johnson Space Center]] and the [[Houston Museum of Natural Science]], Discovery astronauts created a video demonstrating how familiar toys behave in space. "It won't slink at all," Dr. M. Rhea Seddon said of Slinky, "It sort of droops." The video was prepared to stimulate interest in school children about the basic principles of physics and the phenomenon of weightlessness.<ref name="NYTimes4">{{cite news |title=Toy Time in Space |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |date=1985-04-16 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9B07E3DC1239F935A25757C0A963948260 |accessdate=2009-02-26}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| In 1992, the [[Bishop Museum]] in [[Honolulu, Hawaii]], hosted an interactive traveling exhibit developed by the [[Franklin Institute]] of [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]], called "What Makes Music?" Among other things, visitors could examine what makes musical sound by creating waves on an eight-foot-long version of a Slinky toy.<ref name="NYTimes5">{{cite news |title=Honolulu Exhibit Makes Music |publisher=[[The New York Times]] |date=1992-08-02 |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9E0CE4D8133FF931A3575BC0A964958260 |accessdate=2009-02-26}}</ref>
| |
| | |
| | |
| | |
| == References ==
| |
| {{Reflist|2}}
| |
| | |
| == External links ==
| |
| {{Commonscat}}
| |
| *{{Official website|http://www.poof-slinky.com/}}
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Educational toys]]
| |
| [[Category:1945 introductions]]
| |
| [[Category:Goods manufactured in the United States]]
| |
| [[Category:Springs (mechanical)]]
| |
| [[Category:Toy companies of the United States]]
| |
| [[Category:1940s toys]]
| |
| [[Category:Metal toys]]
| |
Frustrated? It's easy. No matter how good you are, a bit of grow your sales or your profits until people start finding you; which means you need to sell more items, work harder, make more customers happier, and wait for develop to come. It's a long slog.
Constant supply. Your external it support company in order to available a person 24/7 without exception, even though you might consider leaving them be at Christmas. Below have to panic as your systems are down no one can solve the problem, on account of your IT support will be there for you personally personally. Businesses which suffer from lengthy down times within many cases are those which wind up bankrupt; let it happen to you by signing up for a vigilant it support computer program.
Identify a problem/issue/pain they have that many solve -- ex., CEO overwhelmed wearing too many hats, getting burned out, stressed about money, end up being grow and increase profits, has not enough available time for strategic planning.
Your IT Newsletter or report is your chance produce a great first impression. Don't jeopardize your chances by making yourself appear to an amateur with poorly written ingredients.
Great personalisation goes behind that name drop though. It's about constant tailoring of your already well targeted text. Use any information own about the recipient that may add towards message you're sending.
This can be done while sipping just one cup of coffee. Just downloading application and allow software run and inspect your personal computer. It will report all the errors discovered in the registry files for you. Then, it will fix those errors. Now your computer will be as fast as only bought it new.
Resting is important, but you can't just sit down when you are like out. Push yourself further and find well of mental strength inside users. Focus on that new lean body that you get a person don't keep this up.
If you have any sort of concerns pertaining to where and the best ways to utilize IT Services kent, you could contact us at our own site.