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| {{Infobox software
| | Should conventional treatment falters try out alternative treatments. Another point to consider is that sex should be enjoyable and not simply a chore. Once you've finally decided to build your own family or to add on to your brood, read on. When you get the monthly 'gift' mark that on the calendar. Obtaining sex in the course of such time will surely offer you as well as your husband a jackpot. <br><br>Are you looking for some information on how to get pregnant step by step. Moderate intake of caffeine does not causes either infertility or miscarry, but over dose of caffeine liking drinking a lot of coffee will increase the risk of infertility and miscarry because caffeine is stimulant causing over production of certain hormones which affect ovulation and hamper conception. One fantastic program called Pregnancy Miracle offers a report for potential moms-to-be. Simple research can help you to determine what these are. com where you can ask questions, get information, or just let off a bit of steam. <br><br>This kind of meat is also a great source of vitamin B12 which is essential to maintain and develop the nervous system. You will find that reading some hints and tips for Sims game play will surely make your gaming experience a lot more fun as well as more interesting. Â Choose the best vitamins, Fertil - Aid for Women: Female Fertility Supplement">herbs and supplements that work for you in order to achieve your goal. Living a healthier lifestyle can prevent you from having miscarriages and stillbirths. It cures infertility and other reproduction associated issues in girls. <br><br>Since there is apparently no medical cure yet for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, it seems that you can only really try to alleviate some of the symptoms. In order to know when the most opportune time is for you to conceive, you need to deterimine when your next ovulation is due. In most cases, women start taking vitamin B and folic acid supplements as soon as they contemplate pregnancy. Just before you ovulate, your mucus will seem thinner, clearer and more copious than usual. She haven't merely energized out there just one more “pregnancy guide directly into a previously over loaded marketplace. <br><br>Numerous studies show that your odds can be reduced by as much as 40%. Relax, enjoy sex and focus on the pleasure rather than getting pregnant. When to commence testing for ovulation with your Home-Check Instant Ovulation test Kit. It's encouraging to know that many women who have made the effort to adopt a healthy lifestyle are having no difficulty whatsoever in getting pregnant with PCOS, which has become a thing of the past for them. Watch the documentary 'Under Our Skin' so you can see more of what Lyme does to a child.<br><br>In case you loved this information and you would love to receive details with regards to [http://www.quebec-1759.info/ best position to get pregnant in] generously visit our web page. |
| | name = Maple
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| | logo =
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| | screenshot = [[Image:Maple12 Screenshot.jpg|300px]]
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| | caption = Maple interface
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| | developer = [[Waterloo Maple]] (Maplesoft)
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| | latest release version = 17
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| | latest release date = {{release date|2013|3|13}}
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| | programming language = [[C (programming language)|C]], [[Java (programming language)|Java]]
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| | genre = [[Computer algebra system]]
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| | license = [[Proprietary software|Proprietary]] [[commercial software]]
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| | website = {{URL|http://www.maplesoft.com/products/maple/}}
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| }}
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| '''Maple''' is a commercial [[computer algebra system]] developed and sold commercially by [[Maplesoft]], a software company also based in [[Waterloo, Ontario]], [[Canada]]. The current major version is version 17 which was released in March 2013.
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| It was first developed in 1980 by the [https://www.scg.uwaterloo.ca/ Symbolic Computation Group] at the [[University of Waterloo]]. In 1988, Maplesoft (then known as Waterloo Maple Inc.) was founded to commercialize the technology.
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| ==Overview==
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| ===Core functionality===
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| Users can enter mathematics in traditional [[mathematical notation]]. Custom user interfaces can also be created. There is support for numeric computations, to arbitrary precision, as well as symbolic computation and visualization. Examples of symbolic computations are given below.
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| Maple incorporates a [[Type system#Dynamic typing|dynamically typed]] imperative-style [[programming language]] which resembles [[Pascal (programming language)|Pascal]].<ref>[http://www.bitwisemag.com/copy/reviews/software/maths/maple10_mathematica52.html Power of two] Bitwise Magazine</ref> The language permits variables of lexical [[scope (programming)|scope]]. There are also interfaces to other languages ([[C (programming language)|C]], [[C Sharp (programming language)|C#]], [[Fortran]], [[Java (programming language)|Java]], [[MATLAB]], and [[Visual Basic]]). There is also an interface with [[Microsoft Excel|Excel]].
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| Maple supports [[MathML]] 2.0, a W3C format for representing and interpreting mathematical expressions, including their display in Web pages.<ref>http://www.maplesoft.com/standards/MathML/info.html</ref>
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| ===Architecture===
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| Maple is based on a small [[Kernel (computing)|kernel]], written in [[C (programming language)|C]], which provides the Maple language. Most functionality is provided by libraries, which come from a variety of sources. Many numerical computations are performed by the [[NAG Numerical Libraries]], [[Automatically Tuned Linear Algebra Software|ATLAS]] libraries, or [[GNU Multi-Precision Library|GMP]] libraries. Most of the libraries are written in the Maple language; these have viewable source code.
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| Different functionality in Maple requires numerical data in different formats. Symbolic expressions are stored in memory as [[directed acyclic graph]]s. The standard interface and calculator interface are written in [[Java (programming language)|Java]].
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| ==History==
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| <!----This section was created by a COI editor and may not be a neutral point of view ---> | |
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| The first concept of Maple arose from a meeting in November 1980 at the [[University of Waterloo]]. Researchers at the university wished to purchase a computer powerful enough to run [[Macsyma]]. Instead, it was decided that they would develop their own computer algebra system that would be able to run on lower cost computers. The first limited version appearing in December 1980 with Maple demonstrated first at conferences beginning in 1982. The name is a reference to Maple's [[Flag of Canada|Canadian heritage]]. By the end of 1983, over 50 universities had copies of Maple installed on their machines.
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| In 1984, the research group arranged with [[Watcom|Watcom Products Inc]] to license and distribute Maple. In 1988 [[Waterloo Maple]] Inc. was founded. The company’s original goal was to manage the distribution of the software. Eventually, the company evolved to have an R&D department where most of Maple's development is done today with the rest done at university research labs worldwide including: the Symbolic Computation Laboratory at the [[University of Waterloo]] and the Ontario Research Centre for Computer Algebra at the [[University of Western Ontario]]{{Who|date=August 2011}}.
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| <!----End of questionable neutrality section--->
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| <!-- Deleted image removed: [[Image:Maple morphos.png|thumb|300px|Maple V Release 3 for [[Amiga]] (1995), running under [[MorphOS]] ]] -->
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| In 1989, the first graphical user interface for Maple was developed and included with version 4.3 for the Macintosh. X11 and Windows versions of the new interface followed in 1990 with Maple V. In 1994 a special issue of a newsletter created by Maple developers called ''MapleTech' was published.<ref>[http://web.mit.edu/maple/www/plibrary/mtn/mtn-si94.html MapleTech Special Issue, Birkhäuser-Boston, (1994)]</ref>
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| In 1999, with the release of Maple 6, Maple included some of the [[NAG Numerical Libraries]].<ref>[http://www.macworld.com/article/1870/2001/02/21reviewsmaple.html Maple 6.0] Macworld, Feb 2001</ref> In 2003, the current "standard" interface was introduced with Maple 9. This interface is primarily written in [[Java (programming language)|Java]] (although portions, such as the rules for typesetting mathematical formulae, are written in the Maple language). The Java interface was criticized for being slow;<ref>[http://www.scientific-computing.com/scwoctnov05review.html Capturing knowledge with pure maths], Scientific Computing World.</ref> improvements have been made in later versions, although the Maple 11 documentation<ref>[http://www.maplesoft.com/documentation_center/maple11/Install.html Maple 11 Installation Guide]</ref> recommends the previous (“classic”) interface for users with less than 500 MB of physical memory. This classic interface is no longer being maintained.
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| Between the mid 1995 and 2005 Maple lost significant market share to competitors due to a weaker user interface.<ref>[http://history.siam.org/oralhistories/gonnet.htm Interview with Gaston Gonnet, co-creator of Maple], SIAM History of Numerical Analysis and Computing, March 16, 2005</ref> In 2005, Maple 10 introduced a new “document mode”, as part of the standard interface. The main feature of this mode is that math is entered using two dimensional input. In 2008, Maple 12 added additional user interface features found in Mathematica, including special purpose style sheets, control of headers and footers, bracket matching, auto execution regions, command completion templates, syntax checking and auto-initialization regions. Additional features were added for making Maple easier to use as a MATLAB toolbox.<ref>[http://www.maplesoft.com/products/Maple/new_features/Aca/index.aspx New in Maple 12] Maplesoft</ref>
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| Maple 13 introduced a new flythrough feature for gaphing a new way to visualize graphing.
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| In September 2009 Maple and Maplesoft were acquired by the Japanese software retailer Cybernet Systems.
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| Maple 16's performance was being undercut by Mathematica when it compared its newest version to Maple 15. Many of Maple16's performance enhancements were actually much better than Mathematica's hence Wolfram's decision to compare it to an earlier version.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}} Maple 16's graphical environment is much improved over the past.{{citation needed|date=July 2013}}
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| ==Examples of Maple code==
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| Sample [[imperative programming]] constructs:<!-- <source lang="maple"> not implemented, yet... -->
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| <source lang="pascal">
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| myfac := proc(n::nonnegint)
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| local out, i;
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| out := 1;
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| for i from 2 to n do
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| out := out * i
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| end do;
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| out
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| end proc;
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| </source>
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| Simple functions can also be defined using the "maps to" arrow notation:
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| myfac := n -> product( i, i=1..n );
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| | |
| ===Integration===
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| Find
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| :<math>\int\cos\left(\frac{x}{a}\right)dx</math>.
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| int(cos(x/a), x);
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| Answer:
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| :<math>a \sin\left(\frac{x}{a}\right)</math>
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| ----
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| ===Determinant===
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| Compute the determinant of a matrix.<br>
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| M:= Matrix(<nowiki>[[1,2,3], [a,b,c], [x,y,z]]</nowiki>); # example Matrix
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| : <math>
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| \begin{bmatrix}
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| 1 & 2 & 3 \\
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| a & b & c \\
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| x & y & z
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| \end{bmatrix}
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| </math>
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| LinearAlgebra:-Determinant(M);
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| Answer: <math>bz-cy+3ay-2az+2xc-3xb</math>
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| ----
| |
| | |
| ===Series expansion===
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| series(tanh(x),x=0,15)
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| <math>x-\frac{1}{3}*x^3+\frac{2}{15}*x^5-\frac{17}{315}*x^7</math>
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| <math>+\frac{62}{2835}*x^9-\frac{1382}{155925}*x^{11}+\frac{21844}{6081075}*x^{13}+O(x^{15})</math>
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| f:=int(exp^cosh(x))
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| series(f,x=0,15);
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| <math>\exp(1)*x+\frac{1}{6}*\exp(1)*x^3+\frac{1}{30}*\exp(1)*x^5+\frac{31}{5040}</math>
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| <math>*\exp(1)*x^7+\frac{379}{362880}*\exp(1)*x^9+\frac{149}{907200}</math>
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| <math>*\exp(1)*x^{11}+\frac{150349}{6227020800}*\exp(1)*x^{13}+</math>
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| <math>\frac{4373461}{1307674368000}*\exp(1)*x^{15}+O(x^{17})</math>
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| ===Solve equation===
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| High order polynomial equation
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| | |
| >f := x^53-88*x^5-3*x-5 = 0
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| >fsolve(f)
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| | |
| -1.097486315, -.5226535640, 1.099074017
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| | |
| ===Solve equation set===
| |
| >f := (sin(x+y))^2 + exp(x)*y+cot(x-y)+cosh(z+x) = 0:
| |
| | |
| >g := x^5 - 8*y = 2:
| |
| | |
| >h:=x+3*y-77*z=55;
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|
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| fsolve( {f,g,h} );
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| | |
| {x = -1.543352313, y = -1.344549481, z = -.7867142955}
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| | |
| ===Plotting of function of single variable===
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| Plot <math>x \cdot \sin(x)</math> with <math>x</math> ranging from -10 to 10<br>
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| plot(x*sin(x),x=-10..10);
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| <center>
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| [[Image:Maple1DPlot.PNG]]
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| </center>
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| ----
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| | |
| ===Plotting of function of two variables===
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| Plot <math>x^2+y^2</math> with <math>x</math> and <math>y</math> ranging from -1 to 1<br>
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| plot3d(x^2+y^2,x=-1..1,y=-1..1);
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| <center>
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| [[Image:Maple163DPlot.jpg]]
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| </center>
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| ----
| |
| | |
| ===Animation of functions===
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| ;animation of function of two variables
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| <math>f := 2 \cdot k^2/\cosh(k \cdot (x - 4 \cdot k^2 \cdot t))^2</math>
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| with(plots);
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| animate(subs(k = .5, f), x = -30 .. 30, t = -10 .. 10, numpoints = 200, frames = 50, color = red, thickness = 3);
| |
| | |
| {|
| |
| |-
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| |[[File:Bellsoliton2.gif|thumb|right|300px|2D bell soliton]]
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| |[[File:3dsincos animation.gif|thumb|right|300px|3D animation of function]]
| |
| |}
| |
| | |
| ;animation of functions of three variables
| |
| | |
| with(plots)
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| animate3d(cos(t*x)*sin(3*t*y), x = -Pi .. Pi, y = -Pi .. Pi, t = 1 .. 2)
| |
| | |
| ===Laplace transform===
| |
| | |
| with(inttrans);
| |
| | |
| ;[[Laplace transform]]
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| f := (1+A*t+B*t^2)*exp(c*t);
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| <math> (1 + A \cdot t + B \cdot t^2) \cdot e^{c \cdot t}</math>
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| laplace(f, t, s);
| |
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| <math>\frac{1}{s-c}+\frac{A}{(s-c)^2}+\frac{2B}{(s-c)^3}</math>
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| ;inverse Laplace transform
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| invlaplace(1/(s-a),s,x)
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| | |
| <math>e^{ax}</math>
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| | |
| ===Fourier transform===
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| with(inttrans);
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| fourier(sin(x),x,w)
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| <math>\Pi</math>*(Dirac(w-1)+Dirac(w+1))
| |
| | |
| ===Integral equations===
| |
| Find functions <math>f</math> that satisfy the [[integral equation]]
| |
| <math>f(x)-3\int_{-1}^1(xy+x^2y^2)f(y)dy = h(x)</math>.<br>
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| eqn:= f(x)-3*Int((x*y+x^2*y^2)*f(y), y=-1..1) = h(x):
| |
| intsolve(eqn,f(x));
| |
| Answer: <math>f \left( x \right) =\int _{-1}^{1}\! \left( -15\,{x}^{2}{y}^{2}-3\,xy \right) h \left( y \right) {dy}+h \left( x \right)
| |
| </math>
| |
| ----
| |
| | |
| ==Use of the Maple engine==
| |
| The Maple engine is used within several other products from [[Maplesoft]]:
| |
| * Maple T.A., [[Waterloo Maple|Maplesoft]]’s online testing suite, uses Maple to algorithmically generate questions and grade student responses.
| |
| * MapleNet allows users to create [[JavaServer Pages|JSP]] pages and [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [[Applets]]. MapleNet 12 and above also allow users to upload and work with Maple worksheets containing interactive components.
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| * [[MapleSim]], an engineering simulation tool.
| |
| | |
| Listed below are third-party commercial products that no longer use the Maple engine:
| |
| * Versions of [[Mathcad]] released between 1994 and 2006 included a Maple-derived algebra engine (MKM, aka [[Mathsoft]] Kernel Maple), though subsequent versions use [[MuPAD]].
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| * Symbolic Math Toolbox in [[MATLAB]] contained a portion of the Maple 10 engine but now uses [[MuPAD]].
| |
| * Older versions of the mathematical editor [[Scientific Workplace]] included Maple as a computational engine, though current versions include [[MuPAD]].
| |
| | |
| ==See also==
| |
| * [[Comparison of computer algebra systems]]
| |
| * [[List of computer simulation software]]
| |
| * [[MapleSim]]
| |
| * [[Mathematical software]]
| |
| * [[Waterloo Maple]]
| |
| *[[Sage_(mathematics_software)|Sage (an open source algebra program)]]
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| {{Reflist|2}}
| |
| | |
| ==External links==
| |
| {{Wikibooks|Maple}}
| |
| {{Commons category|Maple (software)}}
| |
| * [http://www.maplesoft.com/ Maplesoft, division of Waterloo Maple, Inc.] home website
| |
| * [http://www.MaplePrimes.com/ MaplePrimes] - a community website for Maple users
| |
| * [http://www.scientificweb.com/ncrunch/ncrunch5.pdf Comparison of mathematical programs for data analysis] ScientificWeb
| |
| <!-- dead link! * [http://mapleadvisor.com/cgi-bin/moin.cgi/StartingPage Maple Wiki] - a community wiki for Maple, other CAS, scientific computing and typesetting, programming, mathematics, physics, and other interesting things.-->
| |
| | |
| {{Computer algebra systems}}
| |
| {{Numerical analysis software}}
| |
| {{Statistical software}}
| |
| | |
| {{DEFAULTSORT:Maple (Software)}}
| |
| [[Category:C software]]
| |
| [[Category:Functional languages]]
| |
| [[Category:IRIX software]]
| |
| [[Category:Numerical programming languages]]
| |
| [[Category:Linux computer algebra system software]]
| |
| [[Category:Cross-platform software]]
| |
| [[Category:Maplesoft]]
| |
| [[Category:Products introduced in 1982]]
| |
| [[Category:Computer algebra system software for Windows]]
| |
| [[Category:Computer algebra system software for OS X]]
| |
Should conventional treatment falters try out alternative treatments. Another point to consider is that sex should be enjoyable and not simply a chore. Once you've finally decided to build your own family or to add on to your brood, read on. When you get the monthly 'gift' mark that on the calendar. Obtaining sex in the course of such time will surely offer you as well as your husband a jackpot.
Are you looking for some information on how to get pregnant step by step. Moderate intake of caffeine does not causes either infertility or miscarry, but over dose of caffeine liking drinking a lot of coffee will increase the risk of infertility and miscarry because caffeine is stimulant causing over production of certain hormones which affect ovulation and hamper conception. One fantastic program called Pregnancy Miracle offers a report for potential moms-to-be. Simple research can help you to determine what these are. com where you can ask questions, get information, or just let off a bit of steam.
This kind of meat is also a great source of vitamin B12 which is essential to maintain and develop the nervous system. You will find that reading some hints and tips for Sims game play will surely make your gaming experience a lot more fun as well as more interesting. Â Choose the best vitamins, Fertil - Aid for Women: Female Fertility Supplement">herbs and supplements that work for you in order to achieve your goal. Living a healthier lifestyle can prevent you from having miscarriages and stillbirths. It cures infertility and other reproduction associated issues in girls.
Since there is apparently no medical cure yet for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome, it seems that you can only really try to alleviate some of the symptoms. In order to know when the most opportune time is for you to conceive, you need to deterimine when your next ovulation is due. In most cases, women start taking vitamin B and folic acid supplements as soon as they contemplate pregnancy. Just before you ovulate, your mucus will seem thinner, clearer and more copious than usual. She haven't merely energized out there just one more “pregnancy guide directly into a previously over loaded marketplace.
Numerous studies show that your odds can be reduced by as much as 40%. Relax, enjoy sex and focus on the pleasure rather than getting pregnant. When to commence testing for ovulation with your Home-Check Instant Ovulation test Kit. It's encouraging to know that many women who have made the effort to adopt a healthy lifestyle are having no difficulty whatsoever in getting pregnant with PCOS, which has become a thing of the past for them. Watch the documentary 'Under Our Skin' so you can see more of what Lyme does to a child.
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