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'''Oersted''' (abbreviated as '''Oe''') is the unit of the [[Magnetic field#The H field|auxiliary magnetic field '''H''']] in the [[Centimetre gram second system of units|CGS]] system of units.
 
==Difference between CGS and SI systems==
 
In CGS the unit of [[Magnetic field#Definitions.2C_units.2C_and_measurement|H-field]] is the oersted and the unit of [[B-field#B and H|B‑field]] is the [[gauss (unit)|gauss]]. In the SI system, ampere per meter (A/m) is used for H‑field and [[Tesla (unit)|tesla]] is used for B‑field.<ref>Kaye, G. W. C, & Laby, T. H.: ''Table of Physical and Chemical Constants'', page 14. Longman, 1973.</ref>
 
==History==
The unit was established by the [[International Electrotechnical Commission|IEC]] in 1930 <ref>[http://www.iec.ch/about/history/ IEC history]</ref> in honour of the [[Denmark|Danish]] physicist [[Hans Christian Ørsted]]. Ørsted discovered the relationship between magnetism and electric current when a magnetic field produced in a current-carrying coil deflected an [[ammeter]] (an instrument used to measure current) when it was switched on and off.
 
==Definition==
 
The oersted is defined as a [[dyne]] per [[Magnetic pole strength|unit pole]].{{citation needed|date=October 2011}} The oersted is 1000/4π (≈79.5774715) amperes per meter, in terms of [[SI units]].<ref>[http://www-d0.fnal.gov/hardware/cal/lvps_info/engineering/mag_conv.htm Magnetic Conversion Factors<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://www.vitatech.net/emf_fundamentals.php4 EMF Fundamentals<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref><ref>[http://everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=1145558 Everything2.com • Oersted]</ref><ref>[http://www.gordonengland.co.uk/conversion/sinon3.htm Derived CGS Units with Special Names<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 
The H-field strength inside a long [[solenoid]] wound with 79.58 turns per meter of a wire carrying 1 [[ampere|A]] is approximately 1 oersted. The preceding statement is exactly correct if the solenoid considered is infinite in length with the current evenly distributed over its surface.
 
The oersted is closely related to the [[gauss (unit)|gauss]], the CGS unit of magnetic flux density. In a vacuum, if the magnetizing field strength is 1 Oe, then the magnetic field density is 1 [[gauss (unit)|G]], whereas, in a medium having [[magnetic permeability|permeability]] <math>\mu</math><sub>r</sub> (relative to permeability of vacuum), their relation is:
 
:<math>B(\mbox{G})= \mu_r H(\mbox{Oe})</math>
 
Because oersteds are used to measure magnetizing field strength, they are also related to the [[magnetomotive force]] (mmf) of current in a single-winding wire-loop:
 
:<math>H(\mbox{Oe})= \frac{1000}{4 \pi} \frac{I(\mbox{A})}{l(\mbox{m})}</math><ref>{{cite book|last=Griffiths|first=David|title=Introduction to Electrodynamics|year=1999|publisher=Prentice Hall|isbn=0-13-805326-X|page=559}}</ref>
 
The stored energy in a magnet, called ''magnet performance'' or ''maximum energy product'' (often abbreviated BH<sub>max</sub>), is typically measured in units of megagauss-oersteds (MGOe). One MGOe is approximately equal to 7957.74715 J/m<sup>3</sup>.<ref>[http://www.efunda.com/units/convert_units.cfm?From=1050 eFunda: Glossary: Units: Energy Density Units: Megagauss-Oersted (MGOe)]</ref>
 
==See also==
 
*[[Centimetre gram second system of units]]
*[[Ampere model of magnetization|Ampere's model of magnetization]]
 
{{portal|Physics|Science}}
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
[[Category:Centimetre–gram–second system of units]]
[[Category:Units of magnetic induction]]

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Oersted (abbreviated as Oe) is the unit of the auxiliary magnetic field H in the CGS system of units.

Difference between CGS and SI systems

In CGS the unit of H-field is the oersted and the unit of B‑field is the gauss. In the SI system, ampere per meter (A/m) is used for H‑field and tesla is used for B‑field.[1]

History

The unit was established by the IEC in 1930 [2] in honour of the Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted. Ørsted discovered the relationship between magnetism and electric current when a magnetic field produced in a current-carrying coil deflected an ammeter (an instrument used to measure current) when it was switched on and off.

Definition

The oersted is defined as a dyne per unit pole.Potter or Ceramic Artist Truman Bedell from Rexton, has interests which include ceramics, best property developers in singapore developers in singapore and scrabble. Was especially enthused after visiting Alejandro de Humboldt National Park. The oersted is 1000/4π (≈79.5774715) amperes per meter, in terms of SI units.[3][4][5][6]

The H-field strength inside a long solenoid wound with 79.58 turns per meter of a wire carrying 1 A is approximately 1 oersted. The preceding statement is exactly correct if the solenoid considered is infinite in length with the current evenly distributed over its surface.

The oersted is closely related to the gauss, the CGS unit of magnetic flux density. In a vacuum, if the magnetizing field strength is 1 Oe, then the magnetic field density is 1 G, whereas, in a medium having permeability μr (relative to permeability of vacuum), their relation is:

B(G)=μrH(Oe)

Because oersteds are used to measure magnetizing field strength, they are also related to the magnetomotive force (mmf) of current in a single-winding wire-loop:

H(Oe)=10004πI(A)l(m)[7]

The stored energy in a magnet, called magnet performance or maximum energy product (often abbreviated BHmax), is typically measured in units of megagauss-oersteds (MGOe). One MGOe is approximately equal to 7957.74715 J/m3.[8]

See also

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References

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  1. ↑ Kaye, G. W. C, & Laby, T. H.: Table of Physical and Chemical Constants, page 14. Longman, 1973.
  2. ↑ IEC history
  3. ↑ Magnetic Conversion Factors
  4. ↑ EMF Fundamentals
  5. ↑ Everything2.com • Oersted
  6. ↑ Derived CGS Units with Special Names
  7. ↑ 20 year-old Real Estate Agent Rusty from Saint-Paul, has hobbies and interests which includes monopoly, property developers in singapore and poker. Will soon undertake a contiki trip that may include going to the Lower Valley of the Omo.

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  8. ↑ eFunda: Glossary: Units: Energy Density Units: Megagauss-Oersted (MGOe)
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