Energy level splitting: Difference between revisions

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{{For||Dissociation (disambiguation){{!}}Dissociation}}
While typically animal fat is demonized as a cause of being overweight, a month or two eating as a caveman will reveal to you that carbohydrates are often the real perpetrator. The diet is also called the Cave Man Diet, Nutrition secrets can be learned from the caveman diet because the modern day diet is deficient in healthy foods to eat. From 185 lb he has over the years managed to bring his weight down to 145. Eat the original diet designed for optimal health, strength and longevity. Sisson said he improved his athletic performance, his body composition, and his energy levels after switching to a low-carb, high-fat (LCHF) Paleo diet. <br><br>Equip you with additional knowledge about what foods are great to try to eat and what meals to avoid. Substitute to taste cut oranges, grapefruit, kiwi, watermelon, cantaloupe or mango. Wheat flour alternatives that are not synthetic or artificial but natural Paleo wheat flour alternatives. Further, a diet low in carbohydrates will ensure there is a less chance of excess carbohydrates getting converted into fats and stored in the liver. The Paleo Diet Cookbook demonstrates how to utilize these identical natural foods so your family can eat the healthful foods our bodies were created for. <br><br>All nuts are good on this diet, except peanuts and cashews which aren't really nuts at all. Almonds can help to reduce cholesterol, lessen the likelihood of cardiac arrest and are also acknowledged with reducing the risk of several malignancies such as breast malignancies. Of course there are other lifestyle practices that contribute this picture. Even then, our bodies will require supplementation because there is no way of adding the missing nutrients due to mineral deficient soil, hybridization and incomplete growing cycles. This program enables you to change your life by simply eating foods that do not put in a lot of heavy fats into your body. <br><br>During the Neolithic period man planted foods, fire had been invented in a controlled method. Attempt to stop cashews as well as nuts as they are theoretically beans and not the main fan family. a Mediterranean style of eating combined with physical activity is the optimal lifestyle plan for preventing a second heart attack. In order to describe this in more detail, we are going to break it down into the athlete’s five stages of daily eating while training. In the event you consider you need to considerably transform your diet program, re-examine. <br><br>Sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds and flax seeds all offer healthy proteins. Morphine chemical counter acts body's nature production of endorphins. It's a lesson to those who think that going gluten-free automatically means weight loss. Day one - cabbage soup and all sorts of fruits except banana. In case you need to take pleasure in optimal health, then you have to make changes. <br><br>The key characteristic of paleo diet recipes is the back-to-basics attitude-instead of going to the grocery to buy ready-made mixes, processed foods and no-cook meals, you instruct to make things from scratch and bring your own personal twist to every dish. Farming, the cultivation of wheat and other plants, did not even exist until approximately 10,000 years ago. "Base your diet on garden vegetables, especially greens, lean meats, nuts and seeds, little starch, and no sugar. A versatile plant also used as a cow's alternative. The Paleo diet burns body fat, builds immune system and increase overall level of energy.<br><br>For more info in regards to paleo casserole recipes ([http://gritsandgroceries.info/sitemap/ gritsandgroceries.info]) check out the website.
{{Unreferenced|date=December 2009}}
'''Dissociation''' in chemistry and [[biochemistry]] is a general process in which ionic compounds ([[Complex (chemistry)|complexes]], or [[salts]]) separate or split into smaller particles, ions, or [[Radical (chemistry)|radicals]], usually in a reversible manner. For instance, when a [[Brønsted-Lowry]] [[acid]] is put in water, a [[covalent]] bond between an [[electronegative]] atom and a hydrogen atom is broken by [[heterolytic fission]], which gives a proton and a negative [[ion]]. Dissociation is the opposite of '''association''' and '''recombination'''. The process is frequently confused with [[ionization]].
 
== Dissociation constant ==
For reversible dissociations in a [[chemical equilibrium]]
: AB {{Eqm}} A + B
the [[dissociation constant]] ''K''<sub>a</sub> is the ratio of dissociated to undissociated compound
: <math>K_a = \mathrm{\frac{[A][B]}{[AB]}}</math>
where the brackets denote the equilibrium concentrations of the species.
 
== Dissociation degree ==
 
The dissociation degree is the fraction of original solute molecules that have dissociated. It is usually indicated by the Greek symbol <math> \alpha </math>. More accurately, degree of dissociation refers to the amount of solute dissociated into ions or radicals per mole. In case of very strong acids and bases, degree of dissociation will be close to 1. Less powerful acids and bases will have lesser degree of dissociation. There is a simple relationship between this parameter and the [[van 't Hoff factor]] '''<math> i </math>'''. If the solute substance dissociates into <math> n </math> ions, then
 
:::<math> i = 1 + \alpha (n - 1) </math>
 
For instance, for the following dissociation
 
:::KCl {{Eqm}} K<sup>+</sup> + Cl<sup>-</sup>
 
As <math> n = 2 </math>, we would have that <math> i = 1 + \alpha </math>
 
== Salts ==
The dissociation of salts by [[solvation]] in a [[solution]] like [[water (molecule)|water]] means the separation of the [[anion]]s and [[cation]]s. The salt can be recovered by [[evaporation]] of the solvent. See also: [[Solubility equilibrium]]
 
An electrolyte refers to a substance that contains free ions and can be used as an electrically conductive medium. Most of the solute does not dissociate in a weak electrolyte whereas in a strong electrolyte a higher ratio of solute dissociates to form free ions.
 
A weak electrolyte is a substance whose solute exists in solution mostly in the form of molecules, with only a small fraction in the form of ions. Simply because a substance does not readily dissolve does not make it a weak electrolyte. [[Acetic acid]] (CH<sub>3</sub>COOH) and [[ammonium]] (NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>) are good examples. Acetic acid is extremely soluble in water, but most of the compound dissolves into molecules, rendering it a weak electrolyte. Weak bases and weak acids are generally weak electrolytes. In an aqueous solution there will be some CH<sub>3</sub>COOH and some CH<sub>3</sub>COO<sup>-</sup> and H<sup>+</sup>.
 
A strong electrolyte is a solute that exists in solution completely or nearly completely as ions. Again, the strength of an electrolyte is defined as the percentage of solute that is ions, rather than molecules. The higher the percentage, the stronger the electrolyte. Thus, even if a substance is not very soluble, but does dissociate completely into ions, the substance is defined as a strong electrolyte. Similar logic applies to a weak electrolyte. Strong acids and bases are good examples such as HCl, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaCl. These will all exist as ions in an aqueous medium.
 
== Gases ==
The degree of dissociation in [[gases]] is denoted by the symbol α where α refers to the percentage of gas molecules which dissociate. Various relationships between K<sub>p</sub> and α exist depending on the stoichiometry of the equation. The example of [[dinitrogen tetroxide]] (N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) dissociating to [[nitrogen dioxide]] (NO<sub>2</sub>) will be taken.
:N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> {{Eqm}} 2NO<sub>2</sub>
If the initial concentration of dinitrogen tetroxide is 1 mole per litre, this will decrease by α at equilibrium giving, by stoichiometry, 2α moles of NO<sub>2</sub>. The [[equilibrium constant]] (in terms of pressure) is given by the equation;
 
<math>K_p = \mathrm{\frac{p(NO_2)^2}{p(N_2O_4)}}</math>
 
Where p represents the partial pressure. Hence, through the definition of [[partial pressure]] and using p<sub>T</sub> to represent the total pressure and x to represent the mole fraction;
 
<math>K_p =\mathrm{ \frac{(p_T)^2(x(NO_2))^2}{(p_T)(x(N_2O_4))} = \frac{(p_T)(x(NO_2))^2}{(x(N_2O_4))}}</math>
 
The total number of moles at equilibrium is (1-α)+(2α) which is equivalent to 1+α. Thus, substituting the mole fractions with actual values in term of alpha and simplifying;
 
<math>K_p = \frac{(\mathrm{p_T})(4\alpha^2)}{(1+\alpha)(1-\alpha)} = \frac{(\mathrm{p_T})(4\alpha^2)}{(1-\alpha^2)}</math> 
 
 
This equation is in accordance with Le Chatelier's Principle. ''K''<sub>p</sub> will remain constant with temperature. The addition of pressure to the system will increase the value of p<sub>T</sub> so α must decrease to keep ''K''<sub>p</sub> constant. In fact, increasing the pressure of the equilibrium favours a shift to the left favouring the formation of dinitrogen tetroxide (as on this side of the equilibrium there is less pressure since pressure is proportional to number of moles) hence decreasing the extent of dissociation α.
 
== Acids ==
The dissociation of acids in a solution means the split-off of a [[proton]] H<sup>+</sup>, see [[Acid-base reaction theories]]. This is an equilibrium process, meaning that dissociation and recombination takes place at the same time. The [[acid dissociation constant]] ''K''<sub>a</sub> is an indicator of the acid strength: stronger acids have a higher ''K''<sub>a</sub> value (and a lower p''K''<sub>a</sub> value).
 
== Fragmentation ==
[[Fragmentation (chemistry)|Fragmentation]] of a molecule can take place by a process of [[Heterolysis (chemistry)|heterolysis]] or [[homolysis (chemistry)|homolysis]].
 
== Receptors ==
[[Receptor (biochemistry)|Receptors]] are [[protein]]s that bind small [[ligands]]. The dissociation constant ''K''<sub>d</sub> is used as indicator of the [[Affinity (pharmacology)|affinity]] of the ligand to the receptor. The higher the affinity of the ligand for the receptor the lower the ''K''<sub>d</sub> value (and the higher the p''K''<sub>d</sub> value).
 
== See also ==
* [[Ionization]]
* [[Acid]]
* [[Base (chemistry)]]
* [[Thermal decomposition]]
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Dissociation (Chemistry)}}
[[Category:Equilibrium chemistry]]
[[Category:Chemical processes]]

Latest revision as of 12:42, 23 April 2014

While typically animal fat is demonized as a cause of being overweight, a month or two eating as a caveman will reveal to you that carbohydrates are often the real perpetrator. The diet is also called the Cave Man Diet, Nutrition secrets can be learned from the caveman diet because the modern day diet is deficient in healthy foods to eat. From 185 lb he has over the years managed to bring his weight down to 145. Eat the original diet designed for optimal health, strength and longevity. Sisson said he improved his athletic performance, his body composition, and his energy levels after switching to a low-carb, high-fat (LCHF) Paleo diet.

Equip you with additional knowledge about what foods are great to try to eat and what meals to avoid. Substitute to taste cut oranges, grapefruit, kiwi, watermelon, cantaloupe or mango. Wheat flour alternatives that are not synthetic or artificial but natural Paleo wheat flour alternatives. Further, a diet low in carbohydrates will ensure there is a less chance of excess carbohydrates getting converted into fats and stored in the liver. The Paleo Diet Cookbook demonstrates how to utilize these identical natural foods so your family can eat the healthful foods our bodies were created for.

All nuts are good on this diet, except peanuts and cashews which aren't really nuts at all. Almonds can help to reduce cholesterol, lessen the likelihood of cardiac arrest and are also acknowledged with reducing the risk of several malignancies such as breast malignancies. Of course there are other lifestyle practices that contribute this picture. Even then, our bodies will require supplementation because there is no way of adding the missing nutrients due to mineral deficient soil, hybridization and incomplete growing cycles. This program enables you to change your life by simply eating foods that do not put in a lot of heavy fats into your body.

During the Neolithic period man planted foods, fire had been invented in a controlled method. Attempt to stop cashews as well as nuts as they are theoretically beans and not the main fan family. a Mediterranean style of eating combined with physical activity is the optimal lifestyle plan for preventing a second heart attack. In order to describe this in more detail, we are going to break it down into the athlete’s five stages of daily eating while training. In the event you consider you need to considerably transform your diet program, re-examine.

Sunflower seeds, pumpkin seeds and flax seeds all offer healthy proteins. Morphine chemical counter acts body's nature production of endorphins. It's a lesson to those who think that going gluten-free automatically means weight loss. Day one - cabbage soup and all sorts of fruits except banana. In case you need to take pleasure in optimal health, then you have to make changes.

The key characteristic of paleo diet recipes is the back-to-basics attitude-instead of going to the grocery to buy ready-made mixes, processed foods and no-cook meals, you instruct to make things from scratch and bring your own personal twist to every dish. Farming, the cultivation of wheat and other plants, did not even exist until approximately 10,000 years ago. "Base your diet on garden vegetables, especially greens, lean meats, nuts and seeds, little starch, and no sugar. A versatile plant also used as a cow's alternative. The Paleo diet burns body fat, builds immune system and increase overall level of energy.

For more info in regards to paleo casserole recipes (gritsandgroceries.info) check out the website.

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