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'''Blood volume''' is the [[volume]] of [[blood]] (both [[red blood cell]]s and [[blood plasma|plasma]]) in the [[circulatory system]] of any individual.
 
==Humans==
A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately between 4.7 and 5 litres, with females generally having less blood volume than males.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hypertextbook.com/facts/1998/LanNaLee.shtml|title=Volume of Blood in a Human|work=The Physics Factbook|first=Lan Na|last=Lee|year=1998}}</ref> Blood volume is regulated by the [[kidney]]s.
 
Blood volume (BV) can be calculated given the [[hematocrit]] (HC; the fraction of blood that is [[red blood cell]]s) and plasma volume (PV):
:<math>BV = \frac{PV}{1-HC}</math>
 
Diagnostic technologies are commercially available to measure human blood volume. A recent radionucleotide study called BVA-100, Blood Volume Analysis is the only FDA approved instrument that provides a measure of Red Blood Cells and Plasma with 98% accuracy.
 
Blood volume measurement is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment patients suffering from [[Congestive Heart Failure]], [[Chronic hypertension]], [[Renal Failure]] and Critical Care.
 
==Other Animals==
{|class="wikitable" align="right"
! Animal !! Blood volume<br> (ml/kg)<ref name=drexel/>
|-
| [[Cat]] || 55 (47-66)
|-
|  [[Cow]] || 55 (52-57) <ref>Reynolds, Monica ; Plasma and Blood Volume in the Cow Using the T-1824 Hematocrit Method
[[American Journal of Physiology]] - June 1953 vol. 173 no. 3 421-427</ref>
|-
| [[Dog]] || 86 (79-90)
|-
| [[Ferret]] || 75
|-
| [[Gerbil]] || 67
|-
| [[Goat]] || 70
|-
| [[Guinea pig]] || 75 (67-92)
|-
| [[Hamster]] || 78
|-
| [[Circulatory system of the horse|Horse]] || 76
|-
| [[Rhesus monkey|Monkey (rhesus)]] || 54
|-
| [[Mouse]] || 79 (78-80)
|-
| [[Pig]] || 65
|-
| [[Rabbit]] || 56 (44-70)
|-
| [[Rat]] || 64 (50-70)
|-
| [[Sheep]] || 60
|-
| [[Marmoset]] || 60-70<ref>Wolfensohn & Lloyd, 2003, Handbook of Laboratory Animal Management and Welfare, 3rd Edition</ref>
|}
The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults of a selection of animals.<ref name=drexel>[http://www.drexelmed.edu/documents/ULAR/IACUC_drugs.pdf A Compendium of Drugs Used for Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia, Tranquilization and Restraint] at Drexel University College of Medicine. Retrieved April 2011</ref> However, it can be 15% less in obese and old animals.<ref name=drexel/>
 
==See also==
* [[Volume status]]
* [[Hypovolemia]]
* [[Hypervolemia]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
* http://www.cvphysiology.com/Blood%20Pressure/BP025.htm
 
{{Cardiovascular physiology}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:Blood Volume}}
[[Category:Blood]]
 
{{circulatory-stub}}

Revision as of 00:36, 10 December 2013

Blood volume is the volume of blood (both red blood cells and plasma) in the circulatory system of any individual.

Humans

A typical adult has a blood volume of approximately between 4.7 and 5 litres, with females generally having less blood volume than males.[1] Blood volume is regulated by the kidneys.

Blood volume (BV) can be calculated given the hematocrit (HC; the fraction of blood that is red blood cells) and plasma volume (PV):

BV=PV1−HC

Diagnostic technologies are commercially available to measure human blood volume. A recent radionucleotide study called BVA-100, Blood Volume Analysis is the only FDA approved instrument that provides a measure of Red Blood Cells and Plasma with 98% accuracy.

Blood volume measurement is indicated for the diagnosis and treatment patients suffering from Congestive Heart Failure, Chronic hypertension, Renal Failure and Critical Care.

Other Animals

Animal Blood volume
(ml/kg)[2]
Cat 55 (47-66)
Cow 55 (52-57) [3]
Dog 86 (79-90)
Ferret 75
Gerbil 67
Goat 70
Guinea pig 75 (67-92)
Hamster 78
Horse 76
Monkey (rhesus) 54
Mouse 79 (78-80)
Pig 65
Rabbit 56 (44-70)
Rat 64 (50-70)
Sheep 60
Marmoset 60-70[4]

The table at right shows circulating blood volumes, given as volume per kilogram, for healthy adults of a selection of animals.[2] However, it can be 15% less in obese and old animals.[2]

See also

References

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External links

Template:Cardiovascular physiology

Template:Circulatory-stub

  1. ↑ Template:Cite web
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 A Compendium of Drugs Used for Laboratory Animal Anesthesia, Analgesia, Tranquilization and Restraint at Drexel University College of Medicine. Retrieved April 2011
  3. ↑ Reynolds, Monica ; Plasma and Blood Volume in the Cow Using the T-1824 Hematocrit Method American Journal of Physiology - June 1953 vol. 173 no. 3 421-427
  4. ↑ Wolfensohn & Lloyd, 2003, Handbook of Laboratory Animal Management and Welfare, 3rd Edition
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