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| {{Unreferenced|date=October 2006}}
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| This is the timeline of the Universe from [[Big Bang]] to [[Heat death of the universe|Heat Death]] scenario. The different [[Chronology of the universe|eras of the universe]] are shown.
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| <timeline>
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| ImageSize = width:840 height:2000
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| PlotArea = left:40 right:235 bottom:75 top:75
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| Colors =
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| id:period1 value:rgb(1,1,0.7) # light yellow
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| id:period2 value:rgb(0.7,0.7,1) # light blue
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| id:events value:rgb(1,0.7,1) # light purple
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| id:era1 Value:yellowgreen
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| id:era2 value:lightorange
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| id:time1 Value:coral
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| id:time2 Value:lavender
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| DateFormat = yyyy
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| Period = from:-171 till:300
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| TimeAxis = format:yyyy orientation:vertical # order:reverse does not work
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| ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:10 start:-170
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| ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-171
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| AlignBars = justify
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| BarData =
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| bar:Clock
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| bar:Dummy1
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| bar:Era
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| bar:Dummy2
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| bar:Dummy3
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| bar:Periods
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| bar:Dummy4
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| bar:Events
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| TextData =
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| fontsize:M
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| pos:(365,75)
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| text:"[[Planck epoch]]"
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| # pos:(210,50)
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| pos:(205,50)
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| text:"[[Big Bang]]"
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| pos:(20,50)
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| text:"0: Linear time"
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| pos:(10,1980)
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| text:"Double-logarithmic time:"
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| text:"100*log log year"
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| pos:(200,1960)
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| text:"[[Heat death of the universe|Heat Death]]"
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| PlotData=
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| textcolor:black fontsize:M
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| width:90
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| bar:Clock color:events align:right shift:(43,3) mark:(line,teal)
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| at:-171 text:"1E-43 seconds"
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| # at:-141
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| # at:-135
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| at:-129 text:"One picosecond"
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| # at:-122 text:"One nanosecond"
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| at:-113 text:"One microsecond"
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| # at:-102 shift:(43,-13) text:"One millisecond"
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| # at:-100 text:"1E-10 years"
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| at:-88 text:"One second"
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| at:-60 text:"One hour"
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| at:0 text:"One year"
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| at:48 text:"One thousand years"
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| at:78 text:"One million years"
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| at:95 text:"One billion years"
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| # at:100 text:"1E10 years"
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| at:108 text:"One trillion years"
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| at:118 text:"One quadrillion years"
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| # at:126
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| # at:132
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| at:200 text:"1E100 years"
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| # at:200 text:"10<sup>100</sup> years"
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| at:300 shift:(43,-13) text:"1E1000 years"
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| width:55
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| bar:Dummy1
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| width:130
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| bar:Era mark:(line,white) align:center shift:(0,0)
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| from:-171 till:78 color:era1 text:"[[Graphical timeline of the Big Bang|The Primordial Era]]"
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| from:78 till:115 color:era2 text:"[[Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era|The Stelliferous Era]]~ZOOM IN"
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| from:115 till:160 color:era1 text:"The Degenerate Era"
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| from:160 till:200 color:era2 text:"The Black Hole Era"
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| from:200 till:300 color:era1 text:"The Dark Era"
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| width:55
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| bar:Dummy2
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| bar:Dummy3
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| width:165
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| bar:Periods align:center shift:(0,0) mark:(line,white)
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| from:-171 till:-164 color:period1 text:[[Grand unification epoch]] # end at 10-37 seconds, not 10-33?
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| from:-164 till:-129 color:period2 text:[[Electroweak epoch]]
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| from:-129 till:-113 color:period1 text:[[Quark epoch]]
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| from:-113 till:-88 shift:(-40,0) align:left color:period2 text:[[Hadron epoch|Hadron epoch Formation of hydrogen nuclei]]
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| from:-88 till:-72 color:period1 shift:(0,0) text:[[Lepton epoch]]
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| from:-72 till:75 color:period2 shift:(0,0) text:[[Photon epoch]]
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| from:75 till:90 color:period1 text:"[[Chronology of the universe#Dark Ages|Dark Ages]]"
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| from:90 till:93 color:period2 text:"[[Reionization]]" # 100-400 million years
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| from:100 till:101 color:period1 text:"Life on Earth~[[Graphical timeline of our universe|ZOOM IN MORE]]"
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| width:55
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| bar:Dummy4
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| width:55
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| mark:(line,purple) textcolor:black fontsize:M
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| bar:Events color:events align:left shift:(30,-2)
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| at:-171 shift:(30,-15) text:"[[Planck time]], the smallest observable unit of time ~and the time before which science is unable to ~describe the universe. At this point, the force of ~gravity separated from the electronuclear force."
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| at:-164 shift:(30,-10) text:"Separation of the strong force from the ~electronuclear force."
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| from:-164 till:-160 align:left shift:(-55,-3) color:time1 text:"[[Inflationary epoch|Inflationary epoch. The Universe expands exponentially]]"
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| at:-160 shift:(30,20) text:"Reheating after inflation populates universe ~with quarks and anti-quarks."
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| at:-129 text:"The '''weak''' force separates from the ~electromagnetic force resulting in the four ~separate forces we know today."
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| at:-113 text:"Quarks become confined within hadrons."
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| at:-88 text:"Neutrinos cease to interact with other particles."
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| at:-72 shift:(30,-11) text:"Lepton/anti-lepton pairs annihilate."
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| from:-72 till:-65 align:center shift:(0,0) color:time2 text:"[[Big Bang nucleosynthesis]]"
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| at:-65 shift:(30,0) text:"3 to 20 minutes: Formation of helium nuclei"
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| at: 69 shift:(30,-14) text:"[[Timeline of the Big Bang#Matter domination|70,000 years: Matter domination]]"
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| from:73 till:74 shift:(-65,-5) color:time1 mark:(line,white) text:"[[Timeline of the Big Bang#Recombination|Recombination]]"
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| at:75 shift:(30,35) text:"379,000 years: Hydrogen and helium nuclei ~capture electrons to form stable atoms. Photons ~are no longer able to interact strongly with atoms. ~[[Cosmic microwave background radiation]] streams ~freely."
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| at:90 text:"100 million years. First star began to shine."
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| at: 94 text:"[[Galaxy formation and evolution|600 million years. Formation of the first galaxy]]"
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| # at:98 text:"[[Population I stars|4 billion years. Earliest Population I stars]]"
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| at:100 text:"[[Sun|9.1 billion years. Formation of the Sun]]" shift:(30,-10)
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| at:101 mark:(line,magenta) text:"13.8 billion years: this present day"
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| # at:101 text:"19.1 billion years [[red giant|Sun becomes a red giant]]"
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| at:115 text:"Formation of new stars ceases.~Stars cease to fuse." shift:(30,-7)
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| at:118 text:"Solar systems no longer exist. Planets flung out ~of orbit or consumed by larger bodies.~[[Black Dwarf|Sun has become a Black Dwarf]]." shift:(30,26)
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| at:130 text:"Galaxies no longer exist. Stars flung out of orbit~or consumed by black holes." shift:(30,11)
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| at:156 text:"[[Proton decay|Half of all protons have decayed.]]"
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| at:160 shift:(30,10) text:"All protons decay. The matter that stars and life~were built of no longer exists."
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| at:182 text:"A black hole with the mass of the Sun~has evaporated."
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| at:200 text:"A supermassive black hole with mass~10 billion solar masses has evaporated."
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| </timeline>
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| Usually the [[Logarithmic timeline|logarithmic scale]] is used for such timelines but it compresses the most interesting Stelliferous Era too much as [[Future of an expanding universe#Graphical timeline|this]] example shows. Therefore a [[Logarithm#Related operations and generalizations|double-logarithmic]] scale ''s'' (''s*100'' in the graphics) is used instead. The minimum of it is unfortunately only 1, not 0 as needed, and the negative outputs for inputs smaller than 10 are useless. Therefore the time from 0.1 to 10 years is collapsed to a single point 0, but that doesn't matter in this case because nothing special happens in the history of the universe during that time.
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| : <math> s =
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| \begin{cases}
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| \log_{10} \log_{10} year & \mbox{if } year > 10 \mbox{ , corresponding to } year = 10^{10^{s}} \\
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| 0 & \mbox{if } 0.1 \le year \le 10 \\
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| -\log_{10} (-\log_{10} year) & \mbox{if } year < 0.1 \mbox{ , corresponding to } year = 10^{-10^{-s}}
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| \end{cases}
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| </math>
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| {| class="wikitable" border="1"
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| |+ Comparison of log<sub>10</sub> and log<sub>10</sub>log<sub>10</sub> scales
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| ! year !! style="width:160px" | log<sub>10</sub> year !! style="width:160px" | combination of log<sub>10</sub>log<sub>10</sub> year and <br>-log<sub>10</sub>(-log<sub>10</sub> year)
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>10000</sup> || 10000 || 4
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>1000</sup> || 1000 || 3
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>100</sup> || 100 || 2
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>10</sup> || 10 || 1
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>2</sup> || 2 || 0.30
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>1</sup> || 1 || 0
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>0</sup> || 0 || undefined but here forced to 0
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>−1</sup> || -1 || 0
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>−2</sup> || -2 || -0.30
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>−10</sup> || -10 || -1
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| |-
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| | 10<sup>−100</sup> || -100 || -2
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| |}
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| The seconds in the timescale have been converted to years by <math>second / 31 557 600</math> using the [[Year#Julian year|Julian year]].
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| ==See also==
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| *[[Timeline of the Big Bang]]
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| *[[Graphical timeline of the Big Bang]]
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| *[[Heat death of the universe]]
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| *[[Ultimate_fate_of_the_Universe#Theories_about_the_end_of_universe|List of other end scenarios than Heat Death]]
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| *[[Graphical timeline of our universe|Timeline from Big Bang to the near cosmological future]]
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| *[[Graphical timeline of the Stelliferous Era]]
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| *[[Future of an expanding universe#Graphical timeline|Tiny Graphical timeline from Big Bang to Heat Death]]. This timeline uses the log scale for comparison with the double-logarithmic scale in this article.
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Graphical Timeline From Big Bang To Heat Death}}
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| [[Category:Graphical timelines]]
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| [[Category:Astrophysics]]
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| [[Category:Universe]]
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| [[Category:Astronomy timelines]]
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| [[Category:Big Bang]]
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| [[Category:Eschatology]]
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