S-matrix - Revision history

en>YohanN7: /* The S-matrix */ <> → ⟨⟩

2014-12-18T16:49:10Z

The S-matrix: <> → ⟨⟩

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:49, 18 December 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~Hello! <br>My name is Sadie and~~ I'm ~~a 30 years old girl from Husaro~~.<br><br>~~Here is my web~~ blog [http://www.~~womansearch~~.~~co.uk~~/~~monewsome Reviews On Bookbyte Buyback~~]		I'm Beatris and I live with my husband and our 2 children in Philadelphia, in the DE south area. My hobbies are Baking, Badminton and Badminton.<br><br>My blog :: [http://www.dijla-wasit.com/groups/let-us-guide-your-online-shopping-towards-success-with-the-4inkjets-coupon/ 4Inkjets Promotional]

130.237.25.175: The actual page title should be mentioned before alternative terms.

2014-02-19T13:55:27Z

The actual page title should be mentioned before alternative terms.

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:55, 19 February 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~{{for\|scale-step in Schenkerian analysis\|scale-step}}~~		Hello! <br>My name is Sadie and I'm a 30 years old girl from Husaro.<br><br>Here is my web blog [http://www.womansearch.co.uk/monewsome Reviews On Bookbyte Buyback]

	~~[[File:Scale degree names.png\|thumb\|right\|350px\|Scale degree names~~<~~ref~~>~~Benward & Saker (2003). ''Music: In Theory~~ and ~~Practice, Vol.~~ I'~~', p.32-3. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0. "Scale degree names: Each degree of the seven-tone diatonic scale has~~ a ~~name that relates to its function. The major scale and all three forms of the minor scale share these terms."</ref> (C major scale) {{audio\|Diatonic scale on C.mid\|Play}}).]]~~
	[[File:Scale degree numbers.png\|thumb\|350px\|Scale degree roman numerals.<ref>[[Oswald Jonas\|Jonas, Oswald]] (1982). ''Introduction to the Theory of Heinrich Schenker'' (1934: ''Das Wesen des musikalischen Kunstwerks: Eine Einführung in Die Lehre Heinrich Schenkers''), p.22. Trans. John Rothgeb. ISBN 0-582-28227-6. Shown all uppercase.</ref> {{audio\|Root position triads from ~~C major scale~~.~~mid\|Play}}]]~~

	~~In [[music theory]], a '''scale degree''' is the name given to a particular [[note (music)\|note]] of a [[scale (music)\|scale]]~~<~~ref~~>~~Kolb, Tom (2005). ''Music Theory for Guitarists'', p.16. ISBN 0-634-06651-X.~~<~~/ref~~> ~~to specify its position relative to the [[Tonic (music)\|tonic]] (the main note of the scale). The tonic~~ is ~~considered to be the first degree of the scale, from which each~~ [~~[octave]] is assumed to begin.~~

	Any musical scale may be thought to have degrees. However, the notion of scale degree is most commonly applied to scales in which a tonic is specified by definition, such as the 7-tone [[diatonic scale]]s (e.g. the [[Major scale\|C-major scale]] C–D–E–F–G–A–B, in which C is the tonic). As for the 12-tone chromatic scale, the selection of a first degree is possible in theory, but arbitrary and not meaningful, because typically all the notes of a chromatic scale have the same importance.

	The expression '''scale step''' is sometimes used as a synonym of scale degree, but it may also refer, perhaps more properly and less ambiguously, to the distance, or [[Interval (music)\|interval]], between two successive scale degrees (see [[Steps and skips]]). Indeed, the terms [[whole step]] and [[half step]] are commonly used as interval names. The number of scale degrees and the distance between them together define a scale.

	~~==Major and minor scales==~~
	~~{\| class="wikitable" align="right" style="width~~: ~~50%"~~
	\|-
	~~! Degree~~
	~~! Name~~
	~~! Meaning~~
	~~! Note (in C)~~
	\|-
	~~\| 1st~~
	~~\| Tonic~~
	~~\| Tonal center, note of final resolution~~
	~~\| C~~
	\|-
	~~\| 2nd~~
	~~\| Supertonic~~
	~~\| One whole step above the tonic~~
	~~\| D~~
	\|-
	~~\| 3rd~~
	~~\| Mediant~~
	~~\| Midway between tonic and dominant~~
	~~\| E~~/~~E{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 4th~~
	~~\| Subdominant~~
	\| <!--Please DO NOT change this to saying that this degree was named for being just below the dominant; this is only something that happens to be true.--> Lower dominant, same interval below tonic dominant is above tonic
	~~\| F~~
	\|-
	~~\| 5th~~
	~~\| Dominant~~
	~~\| 2nd in importance to the tonic~~
	~~\| G~~
	\|-
	~~\| 6th~~
	~~\| Submediant~~
	~~\| Lower mediant, midway between tonic and subdominant~~
	~~\| A~~/~~A{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 7th~~
	~~\| Leading tone/Subtonic~~
	~~\| Melodically strong affinity for and leads to tonic/One whole step below tonic~~
	~~\| B/B{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 1st (8th)~~
	~~\| Tonic~~
	~~\| Tonal center, note of final resolution~~
	~~\| C'~~
	\|}

	~~The degrees of the traditional [[major scale\|major]] and [[minor scale]]s may be identified several ways:~~
	* the first, [[major second\|second]], ([[major third\|major]] or [[minor third\|minor]]) third, [[perfect fourth\|fourth]], [[perfect fifth\|fifth]], [[major sixth\|major]] or [[minor sixth\|minor]] sixth, and [[major seventh\|major]] or [[minor seventh\|minor]] seventh degrees of the scale;
	* by Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4 ...~~), sometimes with carets above them (<math>\hat 1, \hat 2, \hat 3...<~~/~~math>);~~
	* by [[Roman numeral analysis\|Roman numerals]] (I, II, III, IV ...); and
	* in English, by the names and [[diatonic function\|function]]: [[tonic (music)\|tonic]], [[supertonic]], [[mediant]], [[subdominant]], [[dominant (music)\|dominant]], [[submediant]], [[leading-tone]] (leading tone in the United States) and tonic again.
	: These names are derived from a scheme where the tonic note is the 'center'. Supertonic and subtonic are, respectively, one step above and one step below the tonic; mediant and submediant are each a third above and below the tonic, and dominant and subdominant are a fifth above and below the tonic.

	~~:''Subtonic'' is used when the [[interval (music)\|interval]] between it and the tonic in the upper [[octave]] is a [[whole step]]; ''[[leading note]]'' when that interval is a [[semitone\|half step]].~~
	* in English, by the ''[[Solfege#Movable_do_solf.C3.A8ge\|"moveable Do" Solfege]]'' system, which allows a person to name each scale degree with a single syllable while singing.

	~~==See also==~~
	* [[Tonality]]
	* [[Music education]]

	~~==Sources==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~{{scales}}~~
	~~{{Degrees}}~~

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Degree (Music)}}~~
	~~[[Category:Scale degrees\| ]~~]

en>Monkbot: /* References */Fix CS1 deprecated date parameter errors

2014-01-29T15:00:42Z

References: Fix CS1 deprecated date parameter errors

Show changes

31.33.159.210: /* Use of S-matrices */

2012-07-26T12:50:41Z

Use of S-matrices

New page

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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:55, 19 February 2014
Line 1:		Line 1:
	~~{{for\|scale-step in Schenkerian analysis\|scale-step}}~~		Hello! <br>My name is Sadie and I'm a 30 years old girl from Husaro.<br><br>Here is my web blog [http://www.womansearch.co.uk/monewsome Reviews On Bookbyte Buyback]

	~~[[File:Scale degree names.png\|thumb\|right\|350px\|Scale degree names~~<~~ref~~>~~Benward & Saker (2003). ''Music: In Theory~~ and ~~Practice, Vol.~~ I'~~', p.32-3. Seventh Edition. ISBN 978-0-07-294262-0. "Scale degree names: Each degree of the seven-tone diatonic scale has~~ a ~~name that relates to its function. The major scale and all three forms of the minor scale share these terms."</ref> (C major scale) {{audio\|Diatonic scale on C.mid\|Play}}).]]~~
	[[File:Scale degree numbers.png\|thumb\|350px\|Scale degree roman numerals.<ref>[[Oswald Jonas\|Jonas, Oswald]] (1982). ''Introduction to the Theory of Heinrich Schenker'' (1934: ''Das Wesen des musikalischen Kunstwerks: Eine Einführung in Die Lehre Heinrich Schenkers''), p.22. Trans. John Rothgeb. ISBN 0-582-28227-6. Shown all uppercase.</ref> {{audio\|Root position triads from ~~C major scale~~.~~mid\|Play}}]]~~

	~~In [[music theory]], a '''scale degree''' is the name given to a particular [[note (music)\|note]] of a [[scale (music)\|scale]]~~<~~ref~~>~~Kolb, Tom (2005). ''Music Theory for Guitarists'', p.16. ISBN 0-634-06651-X.~~<~~/ref~~> ~~to specify its position relative to the [[Tonic (music)\|tonic]] (the main note of the scale). The tonic~~ is ~~considered to be the first degree of the scale, from which each~~ [~~[octave]] is assumed to begin.~~

	Any musical scale may be thought to have degrees. However, the notion of scale degree is most commonly applied to scales in which a tonic is specified by definition, such as the 7-tone [[diatonic scale]]s (e.g. the [[Major scale\|C-major scale]] C–D–E–F–G–A–B, in which C is the tonic). As for the 12-tone chromatic scale, the selection of a first degree is possible in theory, but arbitrary and not meaningful, because typically all the notes of a chromatic scale have the same importance.

	The expression '''scale step''' is sometimes used as a synonym of scale degree, but it may also refer, perhaps more properly and less ambiguously, to the distance, or [[Interval (music)\|interval]], between two successive scale degrees (see [[Steps and skips]]). Indeed, the terms [[whole step]] and [[half step]] are commonly used as interval names. The number of scale degrees and the distance between them together define a scale.

	~~==Major and minor scales==~~
	~~{\| class="wikitable" align="right" style="width~~: ~~50%"~~
	\|-
	~~! Degree~~
	~~! Name~~
	~~! Meaning~~
	~~! Note (in C)~~
	\|-
	~~\| 1st~~
	~~\| Tonic~~
	~~\| Tonal center, note of final resolution~~
	~~\| C~~
	\|-
	~~\| 2nd~~
	~~\| Supertonic~~
	~~\| One whole step above the tonic~~
	~~\| D~~
	\|-
	~~\| 3rd~~
	~~\| Mediant~~
	~~\| Midway between tonic and dominant~~
	~~\| E~~/~~E{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 4th~~
	~~\| Subdominant~~
	\| <!--Please DO NOT change this to saying that this degree was named for being just below the dominant; this is only something that happens to be true.--> Lower dominant, same interval below tonic dominant is above tonic
	~~\| F~~
	\|-
	~~\| 5th~~
	~~\| Dominant~~
	~~\| 2nd in importance to the tonic~~
	~~\| G~~
	\|-
	~~\| 6th~~
	~~\| Submediant~~
	~~\| Lower mediant, midway between tonic and subdominant~~
	~~\| A~~/~~A{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 7th~~
	~~\| Leading tone/Subtonic~~
	~~\| Melodically strong affinity for and leads to tonic/One whole step below tonic~~
	~~\| B/B{{music\|b}}~~
	\|-
	~~\| 1st (8th)~~
	~~\| Tonic~~
	~~\| Tonal center, note of final resolution~~
	~~\| C'~~
	\|}

	~~The degrees of the traditional [[major scale\|major]] and [[minor scale]]s may be identified several ways:~~
	* the first, [[major second\|second]], ([[major third\|major]] or [[minor third\|minor]]) third, [[perfect fourth\|fourth]], [[perfect fifth\|fifth]], [[major sixth\|major]] or [[minor sixth\|minor]] sixth, and [[major seventh\|major]] or [[minor seventh\|minor]] seventh degrees of the scale;
	* by Arabic numerals (1, 2, 3, 4 ...~~), sometimes with carets above them (<math>\hat 1, \hat 2, \hat 3...<~~/~~math>);~~
	* by [[Roman numeral analysis\|Roman numerals]] (I, II, III, IV ...); and
	* in English, by the names and [[diatonic function\|function]]: [[tonic (music)\|tonic]], [[supertonic]], [[mediant]], [[subdominant]], [[dominant (music)\|dominant]], [[submediant]], [[leading-tone]] (leading tone in the United States) and tonic again.
	: These names are derived from a scheme where the tonic note is the 'center'. Supertonic and subtonic are, respectively, one step above and one step below the tonic; mediant and submediant are each a third above and below the tonic, and dominant and subdominant are a fifth above and below the tonic.

	~~:''Subtonic'' is used when the [[interval (music)\|interval]] between it and the tonic in the upper [[octave]] is a [[whole step]]; ''[[leading note]]'' when that interval is a [[semitone\|half step]].~~
	* in English, by the ''[[Solfege#Movable_do_solf.C3.A8ge\|"moveable Do" Solfege]]'' system, which allows a person to name each scale degree with a single syllable while singing.

	~~==See also==~~
	* [[Tonality]]
	* [[Music education]]

	~~==Sources==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~{{scales}}~~
	~~{{Degrees}}~~

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:Degree (Music)}}~~
	~~[[Category:Scale degrees\| ]~~]