Magnetic refrigeration - Revision history

en>ClueBot NG: Reverting possible vandalism by 216.170.78.28 to version by 132.229.223.2. False positive? Report it. Thanks, ClueBot NG. (2081460) (Bot)

2015-01-07T17:27:45Z

Reverting possible vandalism by 216.170.78.28 to version by 132.229.223.2. False positive? Report it. Thanks, ClueBot NG. (2081460) (Bot)

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:27, 7 January 2015
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	~~http://www~~.~~carbondaletimes~~.~~com/, [http://www.carbondaletimes.com/node/3628 http://www.carbondaletimes.com/node/3628]; Let~~'~~s have a look on world's web hosting companies: Thousands and thousands of web hosts spread around~~ the ~~world~~ and ~~their business objective is basic - to get recognized and make revenue. With so much sound around~~ the ~~web hosting market, it is a difficult task~~ for ~~us to select up the right hosting~~.<br>~~<br>In any internet business~~, ~~we rely on great web hosts to provide steady and trustworthy webhosting services. Hostgator offers prompt~~ and promising qualities. They invested a lot of cash for its servers which each of them using Dual Xeon servers with 4GB memory and IDE hard disk drives. These high rate servers provide high responsive uptime of up to 99.9 % without failure.<br><br>[http://~~Hostgator~~.~~org~~/ ~~Hostgator~~] provides a lot of plans to clients. Virtually all the packages provided are budget-friendly. For example, Hostgator shared hosting are charged $4.95 monthly for the standard shared hosting packaged. At costs which begin from $9.95 annual, you can delight in even more compact plans which really include a bunch of things. Although there still have a lot plans which offering less costly rates, but if you start to study and attempt Hostgator, you will feel that every dollar and cent you invested is simply not squandered. Do your own research on the attributes consisted of in every bundles Hostgator providing, then you can distinguish the distinctions with others plans provided by various other internet hosts.<br><br>For exaple, Hostgator helps you to back up the web sites quickly and securely. You have the option to host unlimited domains, sub domains and FTP accounts. Of cause, the function which mentioned just now will not be readily available if you are the basic hosting bundle customer.<br><br>Also, Hostgator offers control panel as well. This attribute assists users to manage their domains and sub domains in even more versatile manner. The control panel demo which comes in standard provides the practical help tools to brand-new users. From a lot of host worldwide, Hostgator's cpanel can be stated winning the top ranking amongst them.<br><br>In term of consumer supports, Hostgator has an extremely strong client care group which working 24/7 to assist you take on all kinds of issues relevant to their items. You can either contact them with phone or live talk with them with net. You can likewise email your troubles to them. They will feedback quickly without taking any costs. This is why till now, Hostgator still the best selection for clients.<br><br>A last words for those who are getting started - don't be scare by exactly what you are checking out as developing a great site is not that tough. The work is in truth pretty easy and direct as long as you're getting the right info. To obtain begun, you'll initially need a domain name and a trusted hosting service.		My name's Ronny Dalgleish but everybody calls me Ronny. I'm from Iceland. I'm studying at the university (3rd year) and I play the Post horn for 3 years. Usually I choose music from my famous films ;). <br>I have two brothers. I love Drawing, watching movies and Billiards.<br><br>My page; tumaternidad.com ([http://www.tumaternidad.com/embarazo Read More Listed here])

66.14.154.3 at 20:48, 15 February 2014

2014-02-15T20:48:34Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:48, 15 February 2014
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	~~{{unreferenced\|date=April 2012}}~~		http://www.carbondaletimes.com/, [http://www.carbondaletimes.com/node/3628 http://www.carbondaletimes.com/node/3628]; Let's have a look on world's web hosting companies: Thousands and thousands of web hosts spread around the world and their business objective is basic - to get recognized and make revenue. With so much sound around the web hosting market, it is a difficult task for us to select up the right hosting.<br><br>In any internet business, we rely on great web hosts to provide steady and trustworthy webhosting services. Hostgator offers prompt and promising qualities. They invested a lot of cash for its servers which each of them using Dual Xeon servers with 4GB memory and IDE hard disk drives. These high rate servers provide high responsive uptime of up to 99.9 % without failure.<br><br>[http://Hostgator.org/ Hostgator] provides a lot of plans to clients. Virtually all the packages provided are budget-friendly. For example, Hostgator shared hosting are charged $4.95 monthly for the standard shared hosting packaged. At costs which begin from $9.95 annual, you can delight in even more compact plans which really include a bunch of things. Although there still have a lot plans which offering less costly rates, but if you start to study and attempt Hostgator, you will feel that every dollar and cent you invested is simply not squandered. Do your own research on the attributes consisted of in every bundles Hostgator providing, then you can distinguish the distinctions with others plans provided by various other internet hosts.<br><br>For exaple, Hostgator helps you to back up the web sites quickly and securely. You have the option to host unlimited domains, sub domains and FTP accounts. Of cause, the function which mentioned just now will not be readily available if you are the basic hosting bundle customer.<br><br>Also, Hostgator offers control panel as well. This attribute assists users to manage their domains and sub domains in even more versatile manner. The control panel demo which comes in standard provides the practical help tools to brand-new users. From a lot of host worldwide, Hostgator's cpanel can be stated winning the top ranking amongst them.<br><br>In term of consumer supports, Hostgator has an extremely strong client care group which working 24/7 to assist you take on all kinds of issues relevant to their items. You can either contact them with phone or live talk with them with net. You can likewise email your troubles to them. They will feedback quickly without taking any costs. This is why till now, Hostgator still the best selection for clients.<br><br>A last words for those who are getting started - don't be scare by exactly what you are checking out as developing a great site is not that tough. The work is in truth pretty easy and direct as long as you're getting the right info. To obtain begun, you'll initially need a domain name and a trusted hosting service.
	[~~[File~~:~~AGOModra Leonids98~~.~~jpg\|thumb\|right\|All-sky view of the 1998 [[Leonids]] shower~~. ~~156 meteors were captured in this 4 hour image~~.]]
	~~In [[astronomy]], the~~ ''~~'Zenithal Hourly Rate''' ('''ZHR''')~~ of ~~a [[meteor shower]]~~ is the ~~number of meteors~~ a ~~single observer would see in one hour under~~ a ~~clear, dark sky (limiting [[apparent magnitude]]~~ of ~~6.5) if the [[Radiant (meteor shower)\|radiant]]~~ of ~~the shower were at the [[zenith]]~~. ~~The~~ rate ~~that can effectively be seen is nearly always lower and decreases the closer the radiant is~~ to ~~the [[horizon]]~~.

	~~The formula to calculate the ZHR is:~~

	~~<math> ZHR = \cfrac{\overline{HR} \cdot F \cdot r^{6~~.~~5-lm}}{\sin(hR)}~~ <~~/math~~>

	~~where~~

	<~~math~~>~~\overline{HR} = \cfrac{N}{T_{eff}} <~~/~~math>~~

	~~represents the hourly rate~~ of the ~~observer~~. ~~N is~~ the ~~number~~ of ~~meteors observed~~, and ~~T<sub>eff</sub>~~ is the ~~effective observation time~~ of ~~the observer.~~

	~~Example: If the observer detected 12 meteors~~ in ~~15 minutes~~, ~~their hourly rate was 48. (12 divided~~ by ~~0.25 hours)~~.

	<~~math~~> ~~F = \cfrac{1}{1-k}~~<~~/math~~>

	~~This represents the field of view correction factor~~, ~~where k is~~ the ~~percentage of the observer's field of view which is obstructed (by clouds, for example)~~.

	~~Example: If 20% of~~ the ~~observer's field of view were covered by clouds~~, ~~k would be 0.2~~ and ~~F would be 1.25~~. ~~The observer should have seen 25% more meteors~~, ~~therefore we multiply by F = 1~~.~~25.~~

	<~~math~~> ~~r^{6.5-lm}~~ <~~/math~~>

	This ~~represents the limiting magnitude correction factor~~. ~~For every change of 1 magnitude~~ in the ~~limiting magnitude of the observer, the number of meteors observed changes by~~ a ~~factor~~ of ~~r. Therefore we must take this into account.~~

	~~Example: If r is 2~~, ~~and the observer~~'s ~~limiting magnitude is 5~~.5, ~~we will have~~ to ~~multiply~~ their ~~hourly rate by 2 (2~~ to ~~the power 6~~.~~5-5~~.5), ~~to know how many meteors they would have seen if their limiting magnitude was 6.5~~.

	<~~math~~> ~~\sin(hR)~~ <~~/math~~>

	~~This represents the correction factor~~ for ~~altitude of the radiant above the horizon (hR)~~. The ~~number of meteors seen by an observer changes~~ as the ~~sine of the radiant height in radians~~.

	~~Example: If the radiant was at an average altitude of 30° during the observation period~~, ~~we will have to divide the observer~~'~~s hourly rate by 0.5 (sin 30°) to know how many meteors they would have seen if the radiant was at the zenith~~.

	~~==See also==~~
	*[[List of meteor showers]]

	~~==References==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~==External links==~~
	*[http://www.namnmeteors.org/guidechap8.html North American Meteor Network] (NAMN)

	~~[[Category:Meteoroids]]~~
	~~[[Category:Observational astronomy]]~~

80.14.173.57: /* Commercial development */

2014-01-02T16:28:00Z

Commercial development

New page

{{unreferenced|date=April 2012}}
[[File:AGOModra Leonids98.jpg|thumb|right|All-sky view of the 1998 [[Leonids]] shower. 156 meteors were captured in this 4 hour image.]]
In [[astronomy]], the '''Zenithal Hourly Rate''' ('''ZHR''') of a [[meteor shower]] is the number of meteors a single observer would see in one hour under a clear, dark sky (limiting [[apparent magnitude]] of 6.5) if the [[Radiant (meteor shower)|radiant]] of the shower were at the [[zenith]]. The rate that can effectively be seen is nearly always lower and decreases the closer the radiant is to the [[horizon]].

The formula to calculate the ZHR is:

<math> ZHR = \cfrac{\overline{HR} \cdot F \cdot r^{6.5-lm}}{\sin(hR)} </math>

where

<math>\overline{HR} = \cfrac{N}{T_{eff}} </math>

represents the hourly rate of the observer. N is the number of meteors observed, and T<sub>eff</sub> is the effective observation time of the observer.

Example: If the observer detected 12 meteors in 15 minutes, their hourly rate was 48. (12 divided by 0.25 hours).

<math> F = \cfrac{1}{1-k}</math>

This represents the field of view correction factor, where k is the percentage of the observer's field of view which is obstructed (by clouds, for example).

Example: If 20% of the observer's field of view were covered by clouds, k would be 0.2 and F would be 1.25. The observer should have seen 25% more meteors, therefore we multiply by F = 1.25.

<math> r^{6.5-lm} </math>

This represents the limiting magnitude correction factor. For every change of 1 magnitude in the limiting magnitude of the observer, the number of meteors observed changes by a factor of r. Therefore we must take this into account.

Example: If r is 2, and the observer's limiting magnitude is 5.5, we will have to multiply their hourly rate by 2 (2 to the power 6.5-5.5), to know how many meteors they would have seen if their limiting magnitude was 6.5.

<math> \sin(hR) </math>

This represents the correction factor for altitude of the radiant above the horizon (hR). The number of meteors seen by an observer changes as the sine of the radiant height in radians.

Example: If the radiant was at an average altitude of 30° during the observation period, we will have to divide the observer's hourly rate by 0.5 (sin 30°) to know how many meteors they would have seen if the radiant was at the zenith.

==See also==
*[[List of meteor showers]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.namnmeteors.org/guidechap8.html North American Meteor Network] (NAMN)

[[Category:Meteoroids]]
[[Category:Observational astronomy]]