en>Dsimic: Filling in 1 references using Reflinks

2014-01-24T21:23:47Z

Filling in 1 references using Reflinks

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{{Infobox galaxy cluster
| name = Phoenix Cluster
| image =
| caption =
| credit =
| epoch = [[J2000.0]]<ref name=SIMBAD>SIMBAD, [http://simbad.cfa.harvard.edu/simbad/sim-id?Ident=%406211969&Name=SPT-CL%20J2344-4243&submit=submit "SPT-CL J2344-4243"], accessed 2012-08-16</ref>
| constellation = [[Phoenix (constellation)|Phoenix]]
| ra = {{RA|23|44|42}}<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| dec = {{DEC|-42|43.1}}<ref name=SIMBAD/>
| brightest_member =
| member_no =
| richness =
| bmtype =
| velocity_dispersion =
| redshift = 0.597 <ref name=NATURE>M. McDonald, et al.; "A Massive, Cooling-Flow Induced Starburst in the Core of a Highly Luminous Galaxy Cluster", [http://adsabs.harvard.edu/cgi-bin/nph-data_query?bibcode=2012Natur.488..349M&db_key=AST&link_type=ABSTRACT&high=4ef5ed78ca19802 Nature, Aug 2012]</ref>
| distance = 5.7 billion light years
| temperature =
| mass = 1.26–2.5×[[Names of large numbers|10<sup>15</sup>]][[Solar mass|M<sub>Sun</sub>]]<ref name=NATURE/>
| luminosity =
| flux =
| other_names = {{nobr|[[Phoenix (constellation)|Phoenix]] [[Galaxy cluster|Cluster]],}} {{nobr|[[South Pole Telescope|SPT]]-[[Galaxy cluster|CL]][[J2000|J]][[right ascension|2344]][[declination|-4243]],}} {{nobr|SPT-CL J2344-4243<ref name=arXiv-1101.1290>R. Williamson, et al.; "An SZ-selected sample of the most massive galaxy clusters in the 2500-square-degree South Pole Telescope survey", arXiv, 6 January 2011, {{arXiv|1101.1290}}</ref>}}
}}
The '''Phoenix Cluster''' (SPT-CL J2344-4243) is a [[galaxy cluster]] located in the [[Phoenix (constellation)|constellation Phoenix]], at a distance of roughly 5.7 billion light years. It has a mass of <math>2.5 \times 10^{15}</math> [[solar mass]]es, making it one of the most massive galaxy clusters.<ref name="NATURE"/>

Possibly dormant for billions of years, it has recently revealed a high rate of activity in [[star formation]] - the highest ever recorded in the middle of a galaxy cluster, although there are many individual high redshift galaxies which produce this many stars per year, or more.
<ref name=arXiv-1109.6286>Min Yun et al.; "Deep 1.1 mm-wavelength imaging of the GOODS-South
ﬁeld by AzTEC/ASTE – II. Redshift distribution and nature of the submillimetre galaxy population", arXiv, 28 September 2011, {{arXiv|1109.6286}}</ref>
Observations by a variety of telescopes including the [[GALEX]] and [[Herschel Space Observatory|Herschel]] space telescopes show a creation of 740 solar masses (stars) per year.<ref name="NATURE"/> This is considerably higher than the [[Perseus Cluster]], where stars are formed around 20 times slower, or the one per year rate of star formation in our own galaxy.<ref name=APrdmag>{{Citation |author=S. Borenstein |editor=[[Associated Press]] |publication-date=August 16, 2012 |title=Star births seen on cosmic scale in distant galaxy |work=[[R&D Magazine]] |at=rdmag.com |url=http://www.rdmag.com/News/2012/08/General-Science-Astronomy-Astrophysics-Star-births-seen-on-cosmic-scale-in-distant-galaxy/ |accessdate=September 13, 2012 }}</ref>

Phoenix Cluster is also producing more [[X-ray]]s than any other known massive cluster.<ref name="NATURE"/> Data from observations suggest that hot gas is cooling in the central regions at the highest rate ever recorded. The central galaxy in the cluster contains vast amounts of hot gas. More normal matter is present there than the total of all the other galaxies in the cluster.

In the center of the system, there is a [[supermassive black hole]] growing very rapidly, expanding at a rate of about 60 solar masses per year. It is currently about 20 billion times the mass of the Sun, one of the [[List of most massive black holes|largest known]].<ref name="NATURE"/>

The Phoenix Cluster was initially detected using the [[Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect]] by the [[South Pole Telescope]] collaboration.<ref name="arXiv-1101.1290"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
* R. Williamson et al.; "A Sunyaev-Zel'dovich-selected Sample of the Most Massive Galaxy Clusters in the 2500 deg^2 South Pole Telescope Survey"; The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 738, Issue 2 ; September 2011 ; {{arXiv|1101.1290}} ; {{bibcode|2011ApJ...738..139W}} ; {{doi|10.1088/0004-637X/738/2/139}} ;

==External links==
*[http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/videogallery/index.html?media_id=150454711 Animation of the Phoenix Cluster]
* Chandra X-Ray Observatory, [http://chandra.harvard.edu/blog/node/391 Blog Home: Q&A With Michael McDonald] Wed, 08/08/2012 - 16:13
* ''[http://chandra.harvard.edu/chronicle/0214/phoenix/ The Prediction and Fulfillment of the "Effect": An Interview with Rashid Sunyaev]'', August 15, 2012

[[Category:Galaxy clusters]]
[[Category:Phoenix (constellation)]]

CoDel - Revision history

en>Dsimic: Filling in 1 references using Reflinks