Ceiling temperature - Revision history

en>Monkbot: /* Thermodynamics of polymerization */Task 5: Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors (bot trial)

2014-04-07T10:27:41Z

Thermodynamics of polymerization: Task 5: Fix CS1 deprecated coauthor parameter errors (bot trial)

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	~~In [[mathematical physics]]~~, ~~the '''De Donder–Weyl theory''' is a formalism~~ in ~~the~~ [[~~calculus of variations~~]] ~~over~~ [~~[spacetime]] which treats the space and time coordinates on equal footing~~. ~~In this framework, a [[Field (physics)\|field]~~] ~~is represented as a system that varies both in space and in time.~~		I’m Ellen from Fairview doing my final year engineering in Art. I did my schooling, secured 72% and hope to find someone with same interests in Gongoozling.<br>xunjie 中国ガーメントネットワーク:2007-08から14ヒットを発表インドの国家衣服輸出の60％。
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	~~{\| style="margin:0 1em 1em; text-align:center; border:1px solid black; padding:10px; float:right;"~~		My blog post; [http://www.schochauer.ch/_images/_img/e/p/top/bottega トリーバーチ財布]
	\|-
	~~\|<u>De Donder–Weyl equations:</u>~~
	\|-
	~~\|<math>\partial p^{i}_a / \partial x^{i} = -\partial H / \partial y^{a}</math>~~
	\|-
	~~\|<math>\partial y^{a} / \partial x^{i} = \partial H / \partial p^{i}_a</math>~~
	\|-
	\|}

	~~== De Donder–Weyl formulation of field theory ==~~
	The De Donder–Weyl theory is based on a change of variables. Let ''x<sup>i</sup>'' be [[spacetime]] coordinates, for ''i'' = 1 to ''n'' (with ''n'' = 4 representing 3 + 1 dimensions of space and time), and ''y<sup>a</sup>'' field variables, for ''a'' = 1 to ''m'', and ''L'' the [[Lagrangian density]].
	~~:<math>L = L(y^{a},\partial_i y^{a},x^{i})</math>~~
	~~With ''polymomenta'' ''p<sup>i</sup><sub>a</sub>'' defined as~~
	~~:<math>p^{i}_a = \partial L / \partial (\partial_i y^{a})</math>~~
	~~and for ''De Donder–Weyl Hamiltonian function'' ''H'' defined as~~
	~~:<math>H = p^{i}_a \partial_i y^{a} - L</math>~~
	the '''De Donder–Weyl equations''' are:<ref>Igor V. Kanatchikov: [http://arxiv.org/PS_cache/quant-ph/pdf/9712/9712058v1.pdf ''Towards the Born–Weyl quantization of fields''], arXiv:quant-ph/9712058v1 (submitted on 31 December 1997)</ref>
	~~:<math>\partial p^{i}_a / \partial x^{i} = -\partial H / \partial y^{a} \, , \, \partial y^{a} / \partial x^{i} = \partial H / \partial p^{i}_a</math>~~

	These canonical equations of motion are [[Covariance and contravariance of vectors\|covariant]]. The theory is a formulation of a [[covariant Hamiltonian field theory]] and for ''n'' = 1 it reduces to [[Hamiltonian mechanics]] (see also [[Calculus of variations#Action principle\|action principle in the calculus of variations]]).

	~~The generalization of [[Poisson brackets]] to the De Donder–Weyl theory~~
	~~and the representaion of De Donder-Weyl equations in terms of generalized [[Poisson brackets]]~~
	was found by Kanatchikov in 1993.<ref>Igor V. Kanatchikov: [http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9312162v1 ''On the Canonical Structure of the De Donder-Weyl Covariant Hamiltonian Formulation of Field Theory I. Graded Poisson brackets and equations of motion''], arXiv:hep-th/9312162v1 (submitted on 20 Dec 1993)</ref>

	~~== History ==~~
	The formalism, now known as De Donder–Weyl (DW) theory, was developed by [[Théophile de Donder]]<ref>Théophile de Donder, "Théorie invariantive du calcul des variations," Gauthier-Villars, 1930. [http://books.google.de/books?id=3kI7AQAAIAAJ&dq=editions:LCCN39009801]</ref><ref>Frédéric Hélein: ''Hamiltonian formalisms for multidimensional calculus of variations and perturbation theory''
	In Haïm Brézis, Felix E. Browder, Abbas Bahri, Sergiu Klainerman, Michael Vogelius (ads.): ''Noncompact problems at the intersection of geometry, analysis, and topology'', American Mathematical Society, 2004, pp. 127–148, [http://books.google.com/books?id=eL0_cDTqloEC&pg=PA131 p. 131], ISBN 0-8218-3635-8,</ref> and [[Hermann Weyl]]. Weyl has made his proposal in 1934, inspired by work of [[Constantin Carathéodory]], which in turn was founded on the work of [[Vito Volterra]]. The work of De Donder in contrast started from the theory of integral [[Invariant theory\|invariants]] of [[Élie Cartan]].<ref>Roger Bielawski,[[Kevin Houston (mathematician)\|Kevin Houston]], Martin Speight: ''Variational Problems in Differential Geometry'', London Mathematical Society Lecure Notes Series, no. ~~394, University of Leeds, 2009, ISBN 978-0-521-28274-1,~~ [http://~~books~~.~~google~~.~~com~~/~~books?id=v4F7Ud8RYZoC&pg=PA104 p. 104 f.]<~~/ref> The De Donder–Weyl theory has been known in the calculus of variations since the 1930s and initially found only very rare application in physics. It has recently found increased interest in theoretical physics in the context of [[quantum field theory]]<ref>Igor V. Kanatchikov: [http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9810/9810165v1 ''De Donder–Weyl theory and a hypercomplex extension of quantum mechanics to field theory''], arXiv:hep-th/~~9810165v1 (submitted on 21 October 1998)<~~/ref> and [[quantum gravity]].<ref> I.V. Kanatchikov: [http://arxiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0012/0012074v2 ''Precanonical Quantum Gravity: quantization without the space-time decomposition''], arXiv:gr-qc/0012074 (submitted on 20 December 2000)</ref>

	In 1970, Jedrzej Śniatycki, author of book on ''Geometric quantization and quantum mechanics'', developed an invariant geometrical formulation of [[jet bundle]]s building on the work of De Donder and Weyl.<ref>Jedrzej Śniatycki, 1970. Cited after: Yvette Kosmann-Schwarzbach: ''The Noether Theorems: Invariance and Conservation Laws in the 20th Century'', Springer, 2011, ISBN 978-0-387-87867-6, [http://books.google.com/books?id=e8F38Pu0YgEC&pg=PA111 p. 111]</ref> Theoretical physicist Igor V. Kanatchikov showed in 1999 that the De Donder–Weyl covariant Hamiltonian field equations can be formulated in terms of [[Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau algebra\|Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau matrices]].<ref>Igor V. Kanatchikov: [http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-th/9911/9911175v1 ''On the Duffin–Kemmer–Petiau formulation of the covariant Hamiltonian dynamics in field theory''], arXiv:hep-th/9911/9911175v1 (submitted on 23 November 1999)</ref>

	~~== Further reading ==~~
	* Cornelius Paufler, Hartmann Römer: [http://wwwthep.physik.uni-mainz.de/~paufler/publications/DWeqMultSympGeom.pdf ''De Donder–Weyl equations and multisymplectic geometry''], Reports on Mathematical Physics, vol. 49 (2002), no. 2–3, pp. 325–334
	* Krzysztof Maurin: ''The Riemann legacy: Riemannian ideas in mathematics and physics'', Part II, Chapter 7.16 ''Field theories for calculus of variation for multiple integrals'', Kluwer Academic Publishers, ISBN 0-7923-4636-X, 1997, [http://~~books.google.com~~/~~books?id=jlll448aDLEC&pg=PA482 p. 482 ff.]~~

	~~== References ==~~
	~~{{reflist}}~~

	~~{{DEFAULTSORT:De Donder-Weyl theory}}~~
	~~[[Category:Calculus of variations]]~~
	~~[[Category:Mathematical physics]~~]

en>Yobot: /* Thermodynamics of polymerization */WP:CHECKWIKI error #61 fixed + general fixes using AWB (8884)

2013-02-06T16:05:04Z

Thermodynamics of polymerization: WP:CHECKWIKI error #61 fixed + general fixes using AWB (8884)

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en>RjwilmsiBot: /* Ceiling temperatures of common monomers */fixing page range dashes using AWB (8010)

2012-04-11T07:04:06Z

Ceiling temperatures of common monomers: fixing page range dashes using AWB (8010)

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