COMP128 - Revision history

en>Thenetsec at 00:20, 24 December 2014

2014-12-24T00:20:14Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 02:20, 24 December 2014
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	~~In [[logic]], '''predicate abstraction'''~~ is the ~~result of creating a [[Predicate (logic)\|predicate]] from a [[sentence (linguistics)\|sentence]]~~. ~~If Q is any formula then the predicate abstract formed from that sentence is (λy.Q), where λ is~~ an ~~[[abstraction operator]]~~ and ~~in which every occurrence of y occurs bound by λ in (λy~~.~~Q). The resultant predicate (λx.Q(x))~~ is ~~a monadic predicate capable of taking a term t as argument as in (λx.Q(x))(t), which says that the object denoted by 't' has the property of being such that Q~~.		Alyson is the title individuals use to call me and I think it sounds fairly great when you say it. I am an invoicing officer and I'll be promoted soon. Mississippi is exactly where his house is. One of the extremely very best issues in the globe for him is doing ballet and he'll be starting some thing else along with it.<br><br>Feel free to visit my blog post; [http://www.indosfriends.com/profile-253/info/ psychic readings online]

	~~The ''law~~ of ~~abstraction'' states ( λx.Q(x) )(t) ≡ Q(t/x) where Q(t/x) is~~ the ~~result of replacing all free occurrences of x~~ in ~~Q by t. This law is shown to fail in general in at least two cases: (i) when t~~ is ~~irreferential~~ and ~~(ii) when Q contains [[modal operator]]s.~~

	~~In [[modal logic]] the "''de re'' / ''de dicto'~~' ~~distinction" is stated as~~

	1. ~~(DE DICTO):~~ <~~math~~>~~\Box A(t)~~<~~/math~~>

	~~2. (DE RE)~~: ~~<math>(\lambda x.\Box A(x))(t)<~~/~~math>.~~

	~~In (1) the modal operator applies to the formula A(t) and the term t is within the scope of the modal operator~~. ~~In (2) t is ''not'' within the scope of the modal operator~~.

	~~==References==~~
	~~For the semantics and further philosophical developments of predicate abstraction see Fitting and Mendelsohn, ''First~~-~~order Modal Logic'', [[Springer Science+Business Media\|Springer]], 1999.~~

	~~[[Category:Modal logic]]~~
	~~[[Category:Philosophical logic]~~]

117.204.108.57: /* Security */

2014-02-04T05:48:05Z

Security

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:48, 4 February 2014
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	~~The~~ [~~http://www.prograd.uff.br/novo/facts-about-growing-greater-organic-garden email psychic readings~~] ~~individual who wrote~~ the ~~post~~ is ~~called Jayson Hirano and he completely digs~~ that ~~title~~. ~~Since he was eighteen he's been working as~~ an ~~info officer but he ideas on altering it. I am online psychics~~ [[~~http://mybrandcp~~.~~com/xe/board_XmDx25/107997 mybrandcp~~.~~com]] really fond~~ of ~~handwriting but I can~~'t ~~make it my occupation really~~. ~~For many years he~~'~~s been living~~ in ~~Mississippi~~ and ~~he doesn~~'~~t strategy on changing it~~.<br><br>~~Here is my website~~: ~~psychic chat online~~ (~~[http:~~/~~/cspl~~.~~postech~~.ac.~~kr/zboard/Membersonly/144571 cspl~~.~~postech.ac.kr~~])		In [[logic]], '''predicate abstraction''' is the result of creating a [[Predicate (logic)\|predicate]] from a [[sentence (linguistics)\|sentence]]. If Q is any formula then the predicate abstract formed from that sentence is (λy.Q), where λ is an [[abstraction operator]] and in which every occurrence of y occurs bound by λ in (λy.Q). The resultant predicate (λx.Q(x)) is a monadic predicate capable of taking a term t as argument as in (λx.Q(x))(t), which says that the object denoted by 't' has the property of being such that Q.

			The ''law of abstraction'' states ( λx.Q(x) )(t) ≡ Q(t/x) where Q(t/x) is the result of replacing all free occurrences of x in Q by t. This law is shown to fail in general in at least two cases: (i) when t is irreferential and (ii) when Q contains [[modal operator]]s.

			In [[modal logic]] the "''de re'' / ''de dicto'' distinction" is stated as

			1. (DE DICTO): <math>\Box A(t)</math>

			2. (DE RE): <math>(\lambda x.\Box A(x))(t)</math>.

			In (1) the modal operator applies to the formula A(t) and the term t is within the scope of the modal operator. In (2) t is ''not'' within the scope of the modal operator.

			==References==
			For the semantics and further philosophical developments of predicate abstraction see Fitting and Mendelsohn, ''First-order Modal Logic'', [[Springer Science+Business Media\|Springer]], 1999.

			[[Category:Modal logic]]
			[[Category:Philosophical logic]]

en>Phil Boswell: convert dodgy URL to ID using AWB

2012-07-13T18:48:13Z

convert dodgy URL to ID using AWB

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